What is hyperthyroidism in pregnancy? Is hyperthyroidism dangerous?

Currently, many people wonder about hyperthyroidism during pregnancy and do not really understand what it is, how it affects the fetus or not? Let’s learn more about this disease through the last article lassho.edu.vn.

What is hyperthyroidism?

What is hyperthyroidism?

Hyperthyroidism is a disease caused by an immune system disorder that causes the thyroid gland to become overactive. The thyroid gland produces excessive hormones that cause metabolic disorders in the body. Hyperthyroidism is an endocrine disease that can occur in pregnant women with an incidence of about 1 in 1500.

Pregnant women with hyperthyroidism will have the following symptoms: Uneven weight gain, heart palpitations, unusual vomiting, …

Causes of hyperthyroidism in pregnancy

Causes of hyperthyroidism in pregnancy

According to General Internal Medicine doctors – Department of Examination & Internal Medicine – Vinmec Nha Trang International General Hospital, the main causes of pregnancy hyperthyroidism include:

• Basedow: This is the most common cause, accounting for 80 – 85%. The diagnosis of Basedow should be based on history, tachycardia over 100 beats/min, and an enlarged thyroid ultrasound. In addition, it is necessary to perform a few tests such as TSH, FT4, TRAb.
• HCG hormone: The hormone produced during pregnancy. This process can cause mild irritation of the thyroid gland, which in turn causes some of the symptoms of hyperthyroidism. Women carrying multiples will have higher levels of HCG and symptoms will be more pronounced. The incidence of these symptoms in pregnant women is about 10-20%, but most do not require treatment.
• Severe morning sickness (hyperemesis gravidarum): This can also cause some symptoms of mild hyperthyroidism. In fact, these symptoms will then go away without treatment.

There are many causes of hyperthyroidism

In addition to the above causes, hyperthyroidism can also be caused by a few other causes such as:

• An immune disorder that causes the thyroid gland to overproduce hormones.
• Family history of thyroid-related diseases.
• The use of certain medications, such as heart medications, can also increase your risk of developing hyperthyroidism.
• An infection near the thyroid gland, an enlarged thyroid gland, an enlarged thyroid gland, etc., or thyroid cancer.
• People with high iodine levels.

Signs of hyperthyroidism in pregnancy

Signs of hyperthyroidism in pregnancy

Here are some signs of hyperthyroidism during pregnancy that you may experience:

• Frequent cravings, diarrhea or constipation, sudden weight changes.
• Irregular heartbeat and breathing, even when you are resting.
• Sweat a lot, can’t stand the heat.
• The eyes are bulging, the neck area is swollen and painful.
• Frequent trouble sleeping, feeling restless and anxious.
• Headache, fatigue, muscle weakness, headache, nausea, blurred vision.
• The thyroid gland changes in size, getting bigger during pregnancy.

How does hyperthyroidism affect pregnancy?

How does hyperthyroidism affect pregnancy?

Hyperthyroidism can be transmitted to an unborn baby because thyroid-stimulating antibodies can be passed through the placenta. The fetus has signs of hyperthyroidism if before birth, abnormal indicators such as: Heart rate greater than 160 beats / min, when ultrasound detects goiter, abnormal bone development, …

In this case, the doctor uses PTU or MMI drugs to treat the fetus, and then needs a blood test to check more clearly. Mothers with hyperthyroidism, babies are born at risk of congenital heart disease, fetal growth retardation or may have birth defects.

Women with hyperthyroidism during pregnancy are at increased risk of preterm labor or preeclampsia . In addition, the mother is also at high risk of heart failure or acute thyrotoxicosis.

The article has just introduced you to information about gestational hyperthyroidism and how dangerous this disease is for pregnant women and babies. Hope the above information is useful to you!

Source: Vinmec International General Hospital

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