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A growth fracture in a baby can affect the growing bone tissue near the ends of a child’s bones. Today, let’s find out with lassho.edu.vn what is growth cartilage in children and what types of growth cartilage damage are in today’s article!
What is growth cartilage in children?
Children’s growth cartilage is an area of tissue near the ends of long bones in children and adolescents , which determines the length and shape of future adult bones. Each long bone has at least two growth plates, one at each end.
When your baby’s growth is complete, the growth plates close up and are replaced by solid bone.
The growth plates in children are the softest and weakest areas of the growing skeleton, even weaker than the tendons and surrounding ligaments. Therefore, growth cartilage damage is very likely to occur.
What is growth cartilage in children?
Symptoms of growth cartilage damage
Most growth plate fractures occur in the bones of the fingers, forearms, and legs. Signs and symptoms of a growth plate fracture may include:
- Persistent pain or pain after a sudden injury .
- Pain and swelling , especially when touched where the growth plate is broken.
- Heat and swelling at the ends of bones, near joints.
- Inability to move, bear pressure, or bear weight of a limb due to pain.
- Bone head deformity.
Symptoms of growth cartilage damage
Causes of growth cartilage damage
The growth plate is the area of bone that eventually hardens during growth, making it more susceptible to fractures or injuries in children and adolescents. Growth plate fractures occur twice as often in boys as in girls. This is because girls end bone growth earlier than boys.
By the age of 12, most of a girl’s growth cartilage has matured and is replaced by strong bone.
Growth plate damage can occur for a variety of reasons. Growth plate fractures are usually caused by a fall or by a force applied to the head of the bone:
- Traffic accidents
- Competitive sports or activities that increase the risk of falling or being bumped, such as soccer, basketball, baseball, long-distance running, or gymnastics.
- Recreational activities such as biking, snowmobile or skateboarding.
- Sometimes, growth spurts can be caused by overuse, which can result from long hours of exercise or excessive repetitive force on a limb or a specific area of the body. of children.
Causes of growth cartilage damage
How many types of growth cartilage damage are there?
The Salter-Harris classification system divides most growth plate injuries and fractures into five categories.
- Type I: occurs when the fracture passes directly across the growth plate but does not involve the surrounding bone.
- Type II: occurs when the fracture extends upward or away from the growth plate. This is the most common type of growth plate fracture.
- Type III: occurs when the fracture extends below the growth plate.
- Type IV: occurs when the fracture extends from the growth plate through the metaphysis and epiphysis.
- Type V: occurs when the growth plate is crushed. This type of fracture is very rare.
Children with growth plate and bone head lesions (types III and IV) or crushed growth cartilage (type V) have a worse prognosis.
Most growth plate injuries heal without complications. But the following factors can increase the risk of bones becoming crooked, overgrown, or stunted.
How many types of growth cartilage damage are there?
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Source: Vinmec
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