What is anaphylactic shock? Signs to recognize and how to treat?

Anaphylaxis can occur immediately or after taking medication, infusion, being stung by a bee, or eating unfamiliar food. Anaphylaxis is not only seen in children but also in adults. Let’s learn more about this situation with Bach Hoa Xanh!

Read more: Possible side effects after receiving the Covid-19 vaccine

What is anaphylactic shock?

Anaphylaxis is a severe acute allergic reaction that, if not treated promptly, will directly threaten the patient’s life.

Anaphylaxis is a condition in which certain chemicals are released by the immune system during anaphylaxis, there is sudden vasodilation, increased permeability and bronchial hypersensitivity, causing you to go into shock. Shock caused by injection of penicillin antibiotics is the most common type of anaphylaxis.

Causes of anaphylaxis

Drug-induced anaphylaxis

All drugs and all routes of drug administration can cause anaphylaxis in sensitive bodies, in which the most common are antibiotics (especially penicillin group antibiotics), anti-inflammatory drugs. non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, contrast agents, anesthetics, anesthetics, vitamin C, fluids and blood products.

Other causes of anaphylaxis

– Foods that can cause anaphylaxis such as : Mackerel, tuna, sticky rice gac, shrimp, shrimp, snails, eggs, milk, pupae, pineapple, potatoes, soybeans, additives, etc.

– Insects : Venom caused by bee stings, snakes, spiders, scorpions.

Recognizing signs of anaphylaxis

Immediately after exposure to the allergen or later, unusual sensations appear (restlessness, panic, fear, etc.), followed by the following manifestations:

– The body appears rash, erythema, urticaria, Quincke edema.

– The pulse becomes fast and difficult to catch, blood pressure drops.

– Shortness of breath, choking, abdominal pain writhing.

– Headache, dizziness, sometimes coma, even body convulsions, struggles.

How to handle and prevent anaphylaxis so as not to cause too much danger

Patients with anaphylaxis need to be treated as soon as possible. So, in case you see someone having an allergic reaction or symptoms similar to anaphylaxis but are unsure, you should still call 911 or contact the nearest medical center for timely assistance. . While you’re waiting for an ambulance, do the following:

– Place the patient in a position where the feet are higher than the head

– Loosen clothes and cover the sick person with blankets

If the patient vomits or bleeds from the mouth, turn the patient over to prevent choking

– Talk continuously with the patient so that the patient can keep breathing and avoid falling into a coma

If the patient has stopped breathing, begin CPR with chest compressions and rescue breathing

– To avoid falling into a life-threatening situation, typically anaphylaxis. You should prepare yourself with some preventive knowledge as follows:

For foods : should not use foods containing foods that are hypersensitivity to the body.

If the symptoms are only mild, you should not worry too much, but let the body eliminate the allergen on its own. With moderate and severe cases, you need to go and treat immediately at the nearest medical facility.

For drugs or vaccines : you should exchange information carefully and honestly with medical staff to choose vaccines, as well as appropriate treatment regimens to avoid causing allergies or shock. medicine.

– Keep yourself away from venomous insects. In case due to the nature of work, you should equip yourself with the necessary protective equipment (hat, long coat, boots, gloves, …), ensure thick and discreet fabric to protect the body. body.

Levels of anaphylaxis after vaccination with Covid-19 vaccine

Anaphylactic reactions usually occur very soon, after a few minutes to 1-2 hours after injection (or allergen exposure: Drinking, eating, smelling, even touching…). Few cases occur later, after a few days.

The most important thing in the management of anaphylaxis is early diagnosis and proper management. Patients experiencing an anaphylactic reaction are unlikely to die, if diagnosed early and managed correctly.

To know what anaphylaxis is, it’s important to be aware of its symptoms and course. Anaphylaxis is also divided into 4 degrees:

• Grade I: Red rash on spots, clusters, then spreading, eyelid edema, face edema…
• Grade II: Appears more dyspnea, stridor, or abdominal cramps, frequent loose stools.
• Grade III: Continued presence of increased (> 140/90 mmHg) or decreased (< 90/60 mmHg) blood pressure, or disturbances of consciousness (drowsiness, delirium, malaise, etc.)
• Grade IV: Loss of consciousness, cardiac arrest, respiratory arrest.

Levels of anaphylaxis after vaccination with Covid-19 vaccine

Hopefully the above article helps you better visualize the extent of anaphylaxis and how to prevent and handle it when experiencing anaphylaxis. Please try to protect your health!

Source: Vinmec

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