What is a centrifugal water pump? When should it be used?

Centrifugal water pumps with outstanding features of durability, high performance and versatility, have been widely used in many different fields such as farming and animal husbandry. Learn about this home water pump with lassho.edu.vn through the article below.

What is a centrifugal water pump?

Centrifugal pump is a type of industrial hydraulic vane pump, operating on the principle of centrifugal force , the hydrodynamic force of the flow out thanks to the mechanical impeller of the machine.

Accordingly, water was brought into the center of rotation of the impeller and by centrifugal force, and was pushed to the edge of the impeller.

The combination of flow, pressure, frequency of gravity, and specific gravity of the fluid forms the kinetic energy that causes the water to move.

Structure and working principle

Structure of centrifugal water pump

Considering the structure of a centrifugal water pump, there are two parts: the outer structure and the inner structure.

• External structure: Pump head and electric motor.

– The pump head has an outer shell . Usually made of cast iron with the function of protecting hydraulic components and parts of the pump.

The electric motor is used to power the pump.

• Internal structure:

– Impeller is cast iron or steel (usually there are 3 main types: fully open, partially open and closed).

– The pump shaft is usually made of alloy steel and is fitted with the impeller through a key joint.

– The suction eye is an area with a vacuum and under the effect of pressure on the surface of the suction tank to push the water out of the propeller.

– In addition, there are inlet guide parts including suction pipe and outlet guide part including ejector pipe made of cast iron or welded corrugated iron, rubber. It has the function of bringing water in and pushing water out of the pump.

Working principle

1. Before the centrifugal pump works, it is necessary to priming the pump by filling the pump body and suction tube with liquid.

2. Centrifugal pump works, the impeller will rotate, the liquids in the impeller will be ejected by the centrifugal force. The liquid will follow the troughs, entering the high-pressure ejector tube. This is called pump thrust .

3. At the same time, at the entrance of the impeller to create a vacuum, the pressure in the large tank causes the liquids in the suction tank to be continuously pushed into the suction pipe. This is called pump suction .

4. The suction and ejection process of the centrifugal pump takes place continuously , creating a continuous flow through the pump. The outlet guide is to guide the liquid from the impeller to the ejector tube and help the liquid flow through the ejector tube to be stable and regulated.

Advantages and disadvantages of centrifugal water pumps

Advantage

– With special structure, centrifugal pump has the outstanding advantages of very large capacity , less pipeline pulsation, so it is widely used in chemical industry.

– In addition, the centrifugal pump is compact in size and lighter than the piston machine, making it easy for the pump to connect to the high-speed motor without the need for a reducer.

– The parts of the centrifugal pump can be easily removed and separated , so it is very convenient to move .

– High working safety , less need to repair during operation.

Defect

– Low efficiency at small revolutions, especially when the viscosity of the fluid to be pumped increases.

– Compared with piston pump, the suction pipe size of centrifugal pump is larger .

– The pump is not equipped with self-suction capability, so the cost is high and the centrifugal pump structure is quite complicated. Before operation , the pump must be primed .

When should a centrifugal water pump be used?

Centrifugal pumps are used to pump and transport low viscosity liquids such as fresh water and seawater.

Centrifuges are used in systems that do not require a high head but require a large and uniform flow, such as cooling systems in refrigeration rooms , in firefighting , fire pumps or using irrigation pumps in buildings. agriculture and horticulture .

Centrifugal pumps gradually become indispensable items in daily life as well as in today’s agricultural industry. Hopefully with the above article, you will have more useful information about centrifugal water pumps.