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This article was co-written by Luba Lee, FNP-BC, MS. Luba Lee is a licensed family physician practicing in Tennessee. She received her MSN from the University of Tennessee in 2006.
There are 12 references cited in this article that you can view at the bottom of the page.
This article has been viewed 180,257 times.
Swelling is very common and has many different causes, but often you can successfully treat it at home. If you have localized swelling from an injury or a medical procedure, therapies such as rest and ice will often work. For chronic fluid retention (edema) due to pregnancy, medication side effects, congestive heart failure, cardiovascular disease, or other causes, therapies such as mild exercise and dietary changes can be helpful. effective. Unless you have swelling in an emergency (such as from an allergic reaction) that requires urgent medical attention, read these helpful tips to reduce swelling at home.
Steps
Treatment of swelling caused by trauma
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Rest and elevate the swollen area. If you sprained your ankle while playing sports, for example, if you keep trying to “toughen up” by continuing to play the next day, the situation will only get worse. Instead, give the swelling time to rest and heal! When possible, elevate the swollen area so that it is at or above your heart – this will help control blood flow to the swollen area. [1] X Research Source
- In many cases, the swelling will clear up on its own after 1-3 days of rest.
- If you have injured your foot, consider using crutches or a cane to relieve pressure on the swollen area. When sitting or lying down, rest your feet on a pillow.
- If swelling in your arm is caused by an injury, use your other hand for daily activities or ask someone else for help. Use a wrist band to raise your arm if necessary.
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Apply ice for 20 minutes every hour for the first 3 days. Ice therapy is most effective during the first 72 hours after swelling. Wrap an ice pack, ice cubes, or frozen vegetable bag in a towel and apply it to the swollen area for up to 20 minutes, then wait at least 40 minutes before applying it again. Do not apply more than once; if not, you may have more swelling. [2] X Research Source
- Ice therapy helps reduce blood flow to the swollen area, helping to reduce swelling, inflammation, and pain.
- If you still have pain and swelling in the injured area after 72 hours of regular ice application, contact your doctor. Call your doctor sooner if pain or swelling worsens despite regular ice application.
- Do not apply ice directly to the skin, as it can cause damage.
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Take an over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) to reduce inflammation and pain. Common over-the-counter NSAIDs include ibuprofen (Motrin/Advil) and naproxen (Aleve). Aspirin is also an NSAID, but there is a risk of stomach upset or blood clotting problems. Acetaminophen (Tylep) helps relieve pain but does not directly reduce swelling. [3] X Research Sources
- Take over-the-counter medications according to the directions on the package. Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking any prescription medications, if you have side effects, or have any questions about the medication.
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Wrap the injured area for protection and to help prevent further swelling. If you have swelling in your ankle, knee, wrist, or elbow, try wrapping the injured area with a non-stick elastic bandage. Wrap the bandage around the injured area so that there is a slight squeeze but no pain, numbness, or stinging. Re-wrap the bandage as needed if it loosens and keep it in place for at least the first 72 hours after swelling. [4] X Research Sources
- If you can contact an athletic trainer, physical therapist, or doctor, ask them how to wrap the injured joint.
- You can also try using medical stockings to compress your ankles, or use a tubular elastic bandage to cover your knees or elbows. As with the bandage, you need to make sure it’s not so tight that it’s stinging, numbing, or painful.
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Avoid hot compresses for the first 3 days. Remember this for the first 72 hours of swelling: apply cold, not heat! The heat will increase blood flow and further swelling. However, after 72 hours and when swelling begins to subside, 20-minute heat therapy every hour can help soothe and loosen stiff joints and muscles. [5] X Research Sources
- After the first 72 hours of regular ice application, you should feel better with alternating cold and heat applications – for example, ice for 20 minutes, rest for 40 minutes, then heat for 20 minutes, and so on. .
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Eating the “Mediterranean menu” has the effect of reducing inflammation. In general, healthy foods such as fruits and vegetables often work to reduce inflammation, while less healthy foods can cause more inflammation. You can also reduce swelling with an anti-inflammatory diet rich in high-quality protein and low-glycemic index vegetables. Try to cut down on fried foods, processed meats, refined grains, refined sugars and unhealthy fats, and increase the foods included in the Mediterranean diet, especially the following: : [6] X Trusted Source Harvard Medical Schop Go to Source
- Olive oil
- Fruits like strawberries, blueberries, cherries and oranges
- Green leafy vegetables like spinach, kale and collard greens
- Nuts like almonds and walnuts
- Fatty fish such as salmon, tuna, mackerel and sardines
Treatment of chronic swelling
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Take a diuretic if prescribed to treat edema. If you experience fluid retention (edema) due to problems such as pregnancy, medication side effects, kidney disease, cirrhosis of the liver, or congestive heart failure, your doctor may prescribe a diuretic such as furosemide (Lasix). ). You may be prescribed oral or injectable furosemide (administered by a healthcare professional). Follow your doctor’s instructions for both forms. [7] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
- Diuretics are also sometimes called diuretics. Medications help reduce water retention by limiting the amount of salt the body absorbs. [8] X Research Sources
- Edema most commonly occurs in the feet, ankles and legs, and sometimes in the hands and arms.
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Do light exercise, such as walking, to reduce chronic swelling. Rest is often the best treatment for swelling caused by an injury or medical procedure. However, chronic swelling caused by a medical condition (such as pregnancy) or lifestyle habits (such as sitting at a desk all day) will respond better when you combine rest and exercise. gently and steadily. If you have swelling in your abdomen or lower body, for example, get up and walk for about 5 minutes spread out throughout the day. You can also choose other gentle activities like yoga, swimming or water aerobics. [9] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
- Practicing yoga poses such as “waterfall” will help the water accumulated in the legs flow to other areas of the body and reduce swelling.
- Don’t over-exercise! Limit yourself to light activities that don’t cause additional pain or swelling.
- If you sit at a desk all day and have swollen feet, be sure to take a quick walk around the office at least once an hour.
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Eat nutrient-rich foods, especially foods that are natural diuretics. Some nutrient-rich foods have natural diuretic effects such as asparagus, parsley, beets, grapes, chickpeas, pineapple, pumpkin, onions, leeks, and garlic. However, if you are taking diuretics, do not eat any of these foods without consulting your doctor first. [10] X Research Source
- Nutrient deficiencies, especially potassium, magnesium, calcium and zinc are always a concern if you have edema and are taking diuretics. Supplements may be necessary, but you should also try the following nutrient-dense foods: [11] X Research Source
- Potassium: potatoes, sweet potatoes, beans and bananas
- Magnesium: Nuts, seeds, beans and dark green leafy vegetables
- Calcium: Dairy products, broccoli and kale
- Zinc: meat, poultry, fish, legumes and dairy products
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Reduce salt intake to reduce water retention. Reducing sodium intake is especially helpful if you have edema, but it is also beneficial in all cases of swelling. [12] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to the source Plus, it’s good for your overall health, too! Reduce your salt intake by limiting your intake of processed and packaged foods, and opting for other low-salt or salt-free alternatives. Add seasonings such as herbs or herbs instead of salt. [13] X Trusted Source American Heart Association Go to source
- While the current recommendation for sodium intake for adults in the United States is less than 2,300 mg/day, you should try to reduce it to 1,500 mg or less. Sodium deficiency is highly unlikely, but you should talk to your doctor if you have congestive heart failure. [14] X Trusted Source American Heart Association Go to Source
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Drink plenty of water to reduce swelling. Since all swelling, especially edema, involves fluid retention, you may want to reduce your fluid intake. However, drinking enough water is necessary to rid the body of sodium and help reduce swelling. Instead of trying to drink a certain amount of water, you should drink water regularly throughout the day so that you never feel thirsty. [15] X Research Source
- Unexplained swelling can be a sign of dehydration.
- Drink water, eat water-rich fruits and vegetables, and cut back on alcohol (which increases water retention) and sugary drinks (which often contain “hidden” sodium).
Seek medical attention
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Act immediately if you experience swelling due to an allergic reaction. A severe allergic condition (anaphylaxis) can be life-threatening and causes rapid swelling of the face, lips, tongue, and throat. Other signs of anaphylaxis are shallow breathing, wheezing, cough, hypotension, weak pulse, difficulty swallowing, chest pain, nausea and vomiting, dizziness, and loss of consciousness. If you have these symptoms, take these steps immediately: [16] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
- Use an EpiPen (epinephrine injection) if you have been prescribed it because of a history of allergies. Inject the dose into the outer side of the thigh, through the garment. If you don’t have an EpiPen, immediately go to the next step.
- Call emergency services, or better yet, have the caller. Always use the EpiPen first (if available).
- Seek medical attention and see a general practitioner or allergist, even if you feel better after using the EpiPen.
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Consult your doctor if you have persistent swelling. For example, call your doctor if you have persistent swelling in your feet and ankles or abdomen. Similarly, you should also contact your doctor if your wrist swelling is caused by a sports injury and has not responded to therapies such as rest and ice for 72 hours. In these cases, it is important to find the underlying cause of the swelling. Although an injury can take two to three weeks to go into complete remission, it is best to rule out other causes. [17] X Research Source
- Do not worry! Swelling is not a big deal in most cases, but you should also rule out possible problems.
- Severe swelling during pregnancy can be a sign of preeclampsia, a rare but serious condition that causes high blood pressure with swelling.
- Some medications can cause swelling in the body. Antidepressants, hormone therapy, and blood pressure medications can also cause swelling.
- Heart failure, kidney failure, and liver failure can cause fluid to build up in the body and lead to swelling.
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Call your doctor at once if your swelling is accompanied by other serious symptoms. Swelling combined with other symptoms could be a sign that you have serious heart, kidney or liver problems. In this case, you need immediate medical attention. Contact your doctor if you have any of the following symptoms: [18] X Research Source
- Chest pain
- Breathe fast
- Fever
- Heat in the swollen area
- The level of swelling increases suddenly during pregnancy
- Swelling associated with diagnosed heart and liver problems
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This article was co-written by Luba Lee, FNP-BC, MS. Luba Lee is a licensed family physician practicing in Tennessee. She received her MSN from the University of Tennessee in 2006.
There are 12 references cited in this article that you can view at the bottom of the page.
This article has been viewed 180,257 times.
Swelling is very common and has many different causes, but often you can successfully treat it at home. If you have localized swelling from an injury or a medical procedure, therapies such as rest and ice will often work. For chronic fluid retention (edema) due to pregnancy, medication side effects, congestive heart failure, cardiovascular disease, or other causes, therapies such as mild exercise and dietary changes can be helpful. effective. Unless you have swelling in an emergency (such as from an allergic reaction) that requires urgent medical attention, read these helpful tips to reduce swelling at home.
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