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This article was co-written by Anthony Stark, EMR. Anthony Stark is a certified paramedic in British Cpumbia. He currently works for the British Cpumbia Ambulance Service.
There are 8 references cited in this article that you can see at the bottom of the page.
This article has been viewed 133,360 times.
Burns caused by boiling water are one of the common accidents in households. Hot drinking water, hot tubs, or hot water over a fire can easily splash on the skin and cause burns. Anyone and at any time can get scalded with boiling water. Knowing how to assess the situation and determine the extent of the burn will help you treat boils quickly.
Steps
Assess situation
- Damage to the top layer of skin
- Dry, red and painful skin
- Pale or white skin when pressed
- First degree burns usually heal in 3-6 days and leave no scars
- Injury to two layers of skin but only a slight burn in the second layer of skin
- The burn is red and oozing fluid
- Blisters
- White, pale skin at the burn site when pressed
- Pain to the touch and changes in skin temperature
- Second-degree burns usually heal in 1-3 weeks, and may leave scarring or discoloration (skin is lighter or darker than the surrounding skin).
- Injury to two layers of skin and deep in but not completely into the second layer of skin
- Pain at the burn site when pressed hard (may not be immediate in the burn due to nerve death or nerve damage)
- Skin does not turn white when pressed
- Blisters form at the site of the burn
- Formation of black, tanned or peeled scales on the skin
- Third-degree burns require hospitalization and surgery or medical treatment for recovery if the burn is more than 5% of the body’s skin.
- The lesion is completely deep into two layers of skin, often affecting the underlying fat and muscle layers. For 3rd and 4th degree burns, the bone may also be affected.
- Painless
- Skin discoloration at the burn site – white, gray or black
- Dryness at the burn site
- Requires surgery for treatment and hospitalization for recovery
- Burn one arm/leg equivalent to 10% of adult body; 20% equivalent of adult body. Large-scale burns are burns over 20% of the entire body surface.
- 5% of the body (eg elbow, half leg, etc.) has a thick burn (eg 3rd or 4th degree) which is considered a major burn.
- The treatment for a large burn is similar to that of a 3rd or 4th degree burn, which requires immediate medical attention. [9] X Trusted Source University of Rochester Medical Center Go to Source
Treatment of minor burns
- In addition, you should seek medical attention if you have minor burns on your face or neck, extensive burns on your hands, groin area, legs, feet, buttocks, or over joints. [11] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
- Wash the burn with mild soap.
- Avoid using products with bleaching properties such as hydrogen peroxide to avoid hindering the skin’s healing process.
- If clothing is on your skin, do not attempt to remove it. The burn may be more serious than you think and you need to seek emergency care. [12] X Source of Study[13] X Source of Study Remove clothing (except for the part attached to the burn) and apply cold/ice packs to the burn and clothing for about 2 minutes.
- You can dip a towel in tap water and put it in the fridge to cool it down.
- Do not apply butter to the burn. Butter does not help to cool the burn, but it also causes an infection. [14] X Research Source[15] X Research Source[16] X Research Source
- Do not squeeze blisters that form on the burn.
- Do not scratch the itch when young skin forms to avoid infection. Burned skin is very sensitive to infection.
- You can apply ointments such as aloe vera, cocoa butter, and mineral oil to soothe the itch.
- The recommended oral dose of Acetaminophen is 650 mg every 4-6 hours, up to a maximum of 3250 mg per day.
- The recommended oral dose of Ibuprofen is 400-800 mg every 6 hours, up to a maximum of 3200 mg per day.
- Carefully read the recommended dosage on the medicine packaging because the dose can vary by type and brand of medicine.
Treatment of severe burns
- Deep and severe burns
- Burns higher than first degree and the person burned has not had a tetanus shot in more than 5 years
- Burns larger than 7.5 cm or surrounding any part of the body
- Signs of infection such as redness or severe pain, discharge from the burn site, fever
- Burns in people under 5 years old or over 70 years old
- Burns in people with weakened immune systems (difficulty fighting infections) such as people with HIV, people taking immunosuppressive drugs, people with diabetes, or people with liver disease
- If the casualty is not breathing, you can give chest compressions while waiting for help to arrive. [19] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
- Apply cold compresses around metal jewelry like rings or hard-to-remove jewelry like bracelets because metal jewelry often conducts heat from the surrounding skin to the burn.
- You can cut and loosen any clothing stuck around the burn.
- Keeping the victim warm because severe burns can cause shock. [20] X Trusted Source University of Rochester Medical Center Go to Source
- Unlike when treating minor burns, you must not submerge large burns in water to avoid hypothermia. If the burn is in a movable location, you can elevate the burn above your heart to prevent or reduce swelling. [21] X Trusted Source FamilyDoctor.org Go to Source
- Do not take pain relievers, do not pop blisters, rub dead skin, or apply ointments. These behaviors can affect the treatment of burns. [22] X Trusted Source FamilyDoctor.org Go to Source[23] X Research Source
- If you suspect that the bandage may be stuck due to a severe burn, do nothing and wait for help to arrive. [24] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
Warning
- Burns that look serious but are not painful can be worse than you think. You need to cool the burn right away and seek emergency care if a severe burn is suspected. Many people believe that initially, third-degree burns are usually not dangerous due to the pain-blocking mechanism. Failure to cool the burn and not receiving early treatment can lead to deeper damage, or complicate the healing process and increase the likelihood of scarring.
This article was co-written by Anthony Stark, EMR. Anthony Stark is a certified paramedic in British Cpumbia. He currently works for the British Cpumbia Ambulance Service.
There are 8 references cited in this article that you can see at the bottom of the page.
This article has been viewed 133,360 times.
Burns caused by boiling water are one of the common accidents in households. Hot drinking water, hot tubs, or hot water over a fire can easily splash on the skin and cause burns. Anyone and at any time can get scalded with boiling water. Knowing how to assess the situation and determine the extent of the burn will help you treat boils quickly.
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