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This article was co-written by Tom Eisenberg. Tom Eisenberg is the owner and director of West Coast Tires & Service in Los Angeles, CA. Tom has over 10 years of experience in the automotive industry. He has been working as a tire changer since the age of 16 and has developed a career in the industry since then. Modern Tire Dealer Magazine ranks his store among the top 10 locally performing units.
There are 9 references cited in this article that you can view at the bottom of the page.
This article has been viewed 2,758 times.
You will save some money if you can change the engine oil yourself. Although each type of car has slightly different characteristics, anyone can refuel the engine if they study hard and are not afraid of getting dirty. However, refilling oil is not a substitute for an oil change.
Steps
Check engine oil
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Check the oil after the car has turned off 5 minutes. If you check the oil immediately after turning off the engine, you will get inaccurate results because some oil is still stuck on the top of the engine. Park the vehicle on a level surface to make sure you are not checking the oil on an incline. [1] X Research Source
- Most car manufacturers require you to check the oil after the engine has warmed up by starting in place for 3-5 minutes. See the manual if you are not sure. [2] X Research Source
- To be on the safe side, you should check your oil monthly or more often if you have to drive long distances.
Flip the bonnet of the car up. Usually you have to pull a small lever or press a button located near the driver’s seat to unlock the bonnet. Then run your hand between the bonnet and the bodywork until you feel a small lever usually located in the center of the bonnet, and press that lever inward to fully open the bonnet.
Locate the dipstick. This is a small yellow cap, with a ring on it and often labeled “Engine Oil”, but even without these features it is not difficult to find. The dipstick is a metal rod that extends down into the oil pan, based on the height of the oil level will tell you how much oil is in the engine. It’s located near the front of the car and has a brightly colored circle or hook handle, and you can pull the dipstick out without touching the oil at all. [3] X Research Sources
Pull out the dip stick and wipe it clean with a dry cloth. Oil in the engine will splash onto the dipstick when the car is running, meaning you should wipe the rod clean and dip it back in for accurate results. Notice the markings near the middle or end of the stick, usually dots, lines, squares with diagonal lines or bends. The highest line is the “Full Line”, and the right oil level should be somewhere in between these two lines. [4] X Research Sources
Dip the stick back in and pull it out to check the oil level. This time you need to pay attention to the position of the oil on the rod. The oil level should be closer to the top line than to the bottom line, usually as close as possible. However, you do not need to add oil unless the oil level is at or below the lowest mark. [5] X Trusted Source Consumer Reports Go to Source
- If the oil level is near the lowest mark and you are not sure whether to refill the oil, keep using the car and check again in 2-3 weeks.
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Observe and evaluate the dipstick. Is lubricant black, brown or transparent? Is the dipstick itself clean, discolored or dark? New oil is usually light brown in color, but will darken over time due to combustion cycle deposits and heating. The color of the oil also depends on how far the car has been driven. For example, if you use an old car that has driven 8000 km per month, it can burn 1 liter of oil per month.
- If the oil is milky or white, the car may have a coolant leak and you should have it repaired immediately.
- If the oil has particles or metal flakes, you need to take the car in for repair right away. [6] X Trusted Source Consumer Reports Go to Source
- If the oil looks dirty or looks like mud, it’s time to change the oil. [7] X Research Sources
- You should not refill the oil every few weeks or months as this is a sign of a leak. [8] X Research Sources
Choose the right oil
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Use the oil recommended in the manual. There are many reasons why you might not use the oil recommended in the manual, but that usually doesn’t make it any easier to purchase. Understanding the numbers and specifications on engine oil packages will help you make more informed choices, and ensure your vehicle runs smoothly. [9] X Research Source
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How to measure oil viscosity. Viscosity represents the viscosity of a fluid, or the friction of a flow. High viscosity makes it difficult for oil to flow smoothly because it is thick (for example, yogurt is thicker than regular milk). There are two numbers for oil viscosity, expressed in pairs, like 10W-30 or 20W-50. The first number with the letter W indicates the winter temperature of the oil. This number indicates the oil’s ability to flow in cold winter when the oil is thicker. The second number indicates the oil’s ability to maintain its consistency when heated.
- The first number should be at least 5W or less if you live in a very cold area (see your vehicle owner’s manual), as the oil will become so thick that the car won’t start if the winter viscosity is too high. .
- The vehicle owner’s manual will provide the recommended viscosity index for the vehicle. If there’s only one number, like some older cars, your car uses monograde oil. [10] X Research Source
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Check your handbook for certification requirements for the engine oil used in your vehicle. This will ensure your vehicle is in good working order and eligible for warranty. Each engine oil can meet a variety of certification standards, from API standards to ILSAC standards. Make sure the oil you use meets the standards set by the manufacturer.
- Some certification standards change as technology advances. The current API level is SL, although it used to be SJ and SI. Again, you need to consult your vehicle’s manual to find out what type of oil the engine uses.
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Use synthetic oil for vehicles in the high-end segment or operating in harsh conditions. Although more effective, synthetic oils are also more expensive than their mineral counterparts.
- However, blended oils are completely satisfactory, so you don’t need to spend a lot of money on synthetic oil if it’s too expensive. [11] X Research Source
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Do not use multigrade oil on older cars. If your car is running fine with monograde oil (a viscosity index) don’t switch. This can cause scale to build up in the engine and cause problems. Continue using the right oil your car is used to — switching to a high-performance oil will only cause more problems.
- Consider switching to a higher grade oil (40 or 30) during the summer months when it’s hot, instead of using a multigrade oil like 20W-40W. [12] X Research Source
Refilling oil
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Refuel the vehicle if the dipstick reading is near the lowest level. You should refuel immediately if the oil level is at or below the minimum level to prevent damage from occurring. However, oiling is not a substitute for regular oil changes.
- Be sure to check your manual for how often the oil needs to be changed — it could be every 5,000km or up to 30,000km. Most experts recommend changing the oil every 8,000km. [13] X Research Source
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Buy the right oil for your car. Check your owner’s manual to see which oil is right for your vehicle, or talk to your mechanic. Don’t use an oil other than that recommended unless you have a good reason — it won’t make your car run better unless it’s made for your car.
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Flip the bonnet of the car up. You have to pull a small lever or press a button located near the driver’s seat to unlock the bonnet. Turn to the front of the car and run your hand between the bonnet and the body until you find the lever, usually in the middle of the bonnet. Press the lever inward to fully open the bonnet.
Find the oil filling port. The oil filling port usually has the word “oil” with the image of the oil can above it. If you can’t find it, check the manual, although it’s usually near the front of the car, near the engine and dipstick. Unscrew the lid and set aside.
Check the dipstick to see how much oil to add. Usually the difference between the bottom and top of the stick is close to 1 liter, [14] X Research Source so you can use this information to estimate how much oil to fill. For example, if the oil level is somewhere between the two lines, you need to fill up half a liter. That said, you should refill the oil in batches of 0.25 liters to avoid overflow, spilled oil will cause serious problems for the engine.
Fill the tank slowly with oil and check it regularly. Pour in the oil for 2-3 seconds then wait a minute, then check with a dip stick. Clean the rod after the test is done, add some oil and test again. You should fill the oil up to the highest line on the dipstick without spilling.
- Using a funnel will make it easier to refill the oil without spilling it on the engine.
Close the oil filler port cover. Rarely do you have to add more than 1 liter of oil. If this is the case then there must be a serious problem with the engine, and you should check the oil again after a week for leaks. If there are no leaks, the car can run fine. Remember to change the oil when the oil is dirty or the car has 8,000 km. [15] X Trusted Source Consumer Reports Go to Source
Things you need
- Engine oil
- Hopper
- Rag, tissue or cloth (to wipe the dipstick)
Advice
- Search the internet for your vehicle’s make, model, and year if you don’t know which oil to use.
Warning
- Keep fire away from engine while working.
- Use caution when servicing the vehicle while the engine is hot.
X
This article was co-written by Tom Eisenberg. Tom Eisenberg is the owner and director of West Coast Tires & Service in Los Angeles, CA. Tom has over 10 years of experience in the automotive industry. He has been working as a tire changer since the age of 16 and has developed a career in the industry since then. Modern Tire Dealer Magazine ranks his store among the top 10 locally performing units.
There are 9 references cited in this article that you can view at the bottom of the page.
This article has been viewed 2,758 times.
You will save some money if you can change the engine oil yourself. Although each type of car has slightly different characteristics, anyone can refuel the engine if they study hard and are not afraid of getting dirty. However, refilling oil is not a substitute for an oil change.
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