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This article was co-written by Bess Ruff, MA. Bess Ruff is a graduate student in geography at Florida. She received her Master’s degree in Environmental Science and Management from the Bren School of Environmental Science & Management, UC Santa Barbara in 2016. She has conducted survey work for marine spatial planning projects in the coastal area. Caribbean and support research as a contributor to the Sustainable Fisheries Group.
There are 9 references cited in this article that you can view at the bottom of the page.
This article has been viewed 19,882 times.
Activated carbon, sometimes called activated carbon, is a useful material for filtering polluted water or air. In emergencies, activated charcoal can be used to remove harmful toxins from the body. To make activated carbon, you need to first burn wood or fibrous plant material into charcoal, then use activators such as calcium chloride or lemon juice and complete the activation process.
Steps
Burn wood into charcoal
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Light a medium-sized bonfire in a safe place. An outdoor fire is probably the easiest way to make activated charcoal, but you can also do it in an indoor fireplace. The fire needs to be hot enough to ignite the wood. [1] X Research Source
- Take precautions when lighting a fire and always keep a fire extinguisher nearby.
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Load pieces of hardwood into a metal pot. If hardwood is not available, you can substitute any plant material that is dense and fibrous, such as coconut shells. [2] X Research Source Put pieces of hardwood or plant material in the pot and cover.
- The pot lid needs to have a vent hole, although the steam inside the pot is also limited during the burning process. You can use a camping kettle so that the air can escape through the kettle hose.
- The ingredients in the pot are as dry as possible. [3] X Research Sources
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Heat the pot over the flame for 3-5 hours to form coals. Place the covered pot over the flame. While cooking, you will see smoke and steam escaping through the air vent on the lid of the pot. This cooking method will help burn everything in the material, except carbon (coal). [4] X Research Sources
- When there is no longer smoke or steam coming out of the pot, the cooking process is complete. [5] X Research Sources
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Use water to wash when the coal has cooled. The coal in the pot after heating will still be hot for a while. You need to wait a long time for the coal to cool. When the coals have cooled down to the touch, pour the coals into a clean container and rinse with cool water to remove any ash and debris, then drain off the water. [6] X Research Sources
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Coal crushing. Put the washed coal into the mortar and use the pestle to pound it into a fine powder. You can also put the charcoal in a sturdy plastic bag and use a hammer or meat grinder to grind it into a fine powder. [7] X Research Sources
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Wait for the coal to dry completely. If you use a plastic bag to grind coal, pour the coal into a clean bowl, and if you use a mortar to crush coal, you can just leave the coal in the mortar. Charcoal will dry within 24 hours.
- Check with your hand whether the coal is dry; the charcoal must be completely dry before you move on to the next step. [8] X Research Sources
Activate charcoal
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Dissolve calcium chloride with water in the ratio 1:3. You must be very careful when mixing these substances, as the resulting solution will be very hot. You need enough solution to submerge the coals. An average batch of coal requires about 100 g of calcium chloride mixed with 300 ml of water. [9] X Research Source
- Calcium chloride is available at chemical supply stores and retailers.
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Use bleach or lemon juice instead of the calcium chloride solution. If you can’t find calcium chloride, you can replace it with bleach or lemon juice. Just use 300 ml of bleach or 300 ml of lemon juice is enough. [10] X Research Source
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Stir the calcium chloride solution with the charcoal powder. Pour the dry charcoal powder into a stainless steel or glass bowl. Pour the calcium chloride solution (or lemon juice/bleach) into the charcoal powder little by little, stirring while pouring.
- Stop pouring the solution when the mixture reaches a paste-like consistency. [11] X Research Source
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Cover the charcoal bowl and wait for 24 hours. Cover the coal bowl and let it sit for 24 hours, then drain as much liquid out of the bowl as possible. By this time the coal is still wet but not soggy. [12] X Research Source
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Cook for another 3 hours to activate the charcoal. Return the coals to the (clean) metal pot and place on the fire. The fire must be hot enough to boil the water and activate the coals. Charcoal will be activated after 3 hours of heating at this temperature. [13] X Research Source
Use activated carbon
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Understand how activated charcoal works. Activated carbon is useful in dealing with odors, bacteria, pollutants and allergens in the air and water. It works to absorb odors, toxins, bacteria, pollutants, allergens and chemicals into the tiny pores in the charcoal.
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Indoor air filtration. Wrap some activated carbon in a piece of linen and place it where the air needs to be filtered. If linen is not available, you can use a fabric that is tight and breathable, such as cotton. [14] X Research Source
- Avoid using cloths that smell like soap or bleach. Charcoal will absorb both these odors and reduce effectiveness. [15] X Research Source
- To increase the efficiency of air filtration, you can set a fan to blow through the charcoal bag. The air will be purified when passing through the coal.
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Use your socks as an activated carbon water filter. Store-bought water filters are quite expensive, but you can get the same effect for less money by making your own. Find a clean sock that doesn’t smell like soap or bleach, pour activated charcoal into the sock and clean the water by pouring water over the sock. [16] X Research Source
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Make a clay-activated charcoal mask. Mix 2 tablespoons (30 ml) of bentonite clay, half a teaspoon (2.5 ml) of activated charcoal, 1 tablespoon (15 ml) of turmeric, 2 tablespoons (30 ml) of apple cider vinegar, 1 tsp. 5 ml) honey in a small bowl. Add water little by little to the mixture and mix until smooth.
- This type of mask has the effect of drawing toxins and unclogs pores.
- The natural ingredients used in the mask will be safe for almost all skin types.
- Apply a thick layer of the mask on your face for about 10 minutes, then rinse. [17] X Research Source
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Treat flatulence and abdominal distension with activated charcoal. Stir 500 mg of activated carbon with 350 ml of water. Drink the mixture before gas-producing meals or when you start to feel bloated and bloated to relieve symptoms.
- Taking activated charcoal with non-acidic fruit juice (like carrot juice) is more pleasant than just drinking it with water. Avoid acidic juices (such as orange or apple juice) as they reduce the effects of activated charcoal. [18] X Research Sources
Make an air filter mask with activated carbon
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Design a mask from a 2 liter plastic bottle. Use scissors to cut off the bottom of a 2 liter plastic bottle. Continue to cut apart a piece about 7.5 cm wide on the side of the bottle. This cut will start from the bottom of the bottle that has just been cut up to the neck of the bottle starting to bend towards the mouth of the bottle.
- The edges of the blanks on the cut bottle can be jagged. Use medical tape along the cut edges to create a cushion.
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Make the filter chamber with an aluminum box. Use scissors or a screwdriver to poke holes for breathing in the bottom of an aluminum can. Cut off the top of the aluminum box with strong scissors or corrugated scissors. [19] X Research Source
- Be careful with the cut out edges on the box. These edges are often so sharp that it is easy to cut the skin. You can use fabric or medical tape along the edges as spacers.
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Put activated charcoal in the mask. Line a layer of cotton fabric on the bottom of the box. Add a layer of activated carbon on top of the fabric, then wrap another layer of fabric on top of the charcoal. Stick the cotton fabric over the top of the box, then cut a small hole in the fabric.
- Be careful when putting charcoal in the aluminum can, especially if you don’t stick tape to the sharp edges of the box. [20] X Research Source
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Glue the mask parts and use as needed. Attach the mouth of the 2 liter bottle to the hole just cut in the cloth that covers the mouth of the box. Glue the aluminum box to the bottle to complete the mask. As you breathe, the air is filtered through the activated carbon in the box. [21] X Research Source
Warning
- Watch carefully when burning coal. Charcoal will not be activated if the fire is out or the temperature is too low.
- Improper handling and use of chemicals such as calcium chloride can be dangerous. You need to follow the safety instructions on the chemical bottle label.
Things you need
- Metal pot (and vented lid)
- Hardwood (or fibrous plant materials like coconut shells)
- Container (like a clean bowl or bucket)
- A pestle and mortar (or a sturdy plastic bag and gradually hammer the meat)
- Calcium chloride (or lemon juice/bleach)
- Stainless steel bowl or glass bowl
- Spoon
- A piece of linen (or a tight, breathable textile)
- Clean socks
- Drag
- 2 liter plastic bottle
- Medical adhesive tape
- Aluminum box
- Cotton
- Activated carbon
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This article was co-written by Bess Ruff, MA. Bess Ruff is a graduate student in geography at Florida. She received her Master’s degree in Environmental Science and Management from the Bren School of Environmental Science & Management, UC Santa Barbara in 2016. She has conducted survey work for marine spatial planning projects in the coastal area. Caribbean and support research as a contributor to the Sustainable Fisheries Group.
There are 9 references cited in this article that you can view at the bottom of the page.
This article has been viewed 19,882 times.
Activated carbon, sometimes called activated carbon, is a useful material for filtering polluted water or air. In emergencies, activated charcoal can be used to remove harmful toxins from the body. To make activated carbon, you need to first burn wood or fibrous plant material into charcoal, then use activators such as calcium chloride or lemon juice and complete the activation process.
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