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Household chicken farming has become quite popular lately as more and more people are aware of the plight of hens raised in industrial chicken farms. Incubating chicken eggs can also be a fun project for your family. While the cost of buying an incubator is quite expensive, you can make one at home with a relatively simple process. Maybe you already have the materials you need around your house.
Steps
Make an egg incubator
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Cut a small hole in the top of the styrofoam. This hole is where the bulb and lamp holder are installed. Insert any lamp holder into the hole and add a 25W bulb. [1] X Research Source Apply tape around the hole and lampholder on both the inside and outside of the Styrofoam. Doing so is important to avoid the risk of a fire.
- You can also use a small box, but styrofoam is better because it has insulation properties.
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Divide the styrofoam box into two parts. Use a chicken coop or other stiff net to separate the light bulb you just installed. This will help protect the chicks from being burned by the bulb.
- Optional: Use a chicken coop to create a floor that is slightly higher than the bottom of the crate. This will make it easier to clean up the chicken manure once the chicks hatch.
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Install temperature and humidity gauges. Place the measuring device in the part of the styrofoam where you will put the eggs. The main function of an incubator is to keep the temperature and humidity inside the incubator at optimal levels, so make sure the temperature and humidity meter you use is highly accurate..
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Place a bowl of water in the bucket. That is the source of moisture for the incubator. Add a sponge to the water bowl to help you adjust the amount of water easily.
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Cut a viewing window on the lid of the styrofoam. Using the glass from a picture frame, determine the size of the viewing window. The size of the door should be slightly smaller than the size of the glass panel. Then use adhesive tape to fix the glass panel above the door mouth.
- Optional: You can use the hinge by attaching it to the side of the bin and lid with tape.
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Test run the incubator. Before putting eggs in the machine, turn on the light and measure the temperature and humidity for a day or two. [2] X Research Source Adjust temperature and humidity until optimum. The temperature should be kept at 37.5°C during incubation. Optimal humidity varies: between 40-50% in the first 18 days and 65-75% in the remaining four days.
- To reduce the temperature, poke holes in the side of the Styrofoam container. If the temperature drops too low after that, you can use tape to seal a few holes.
- Regarding humidity, use the sponge to absorb the water to reduce the humidity and squeeze more water from the sponge to increase the humidity.
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Put the eggs in the incubator. It is important that you use fertilized eggs: store-bought eggs will not hatch. If you don’t have chickens or don’t have a rooster, it’s best to contact some of your local chicken farmers to purchase fertilized eggs. Once eggs have been purchased, stack them close together to maintain a steady temperature.
- The quality of eggs depends on the health of the hen. So, before buying eggs from the chicken farm, ask the farmer if you can tour the facilities on the farm. Free-range hens are generally healthier than those kept in cages.
- The optimal hatching rate is between 50 and 85%. [3] X Research Sources
- Egg-laying hens are usually smaller in size and raised for eggs. Broilers, on the other hand, are raised to grow in size. They are usually larger and grow relatively quickly. However, there are dual-use chicken breeds, both for eggs and meat. When contacting ranchers, you should ask what breed of chickens they are raising. [4] X Research Sources
Hatch
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Track time and important parameters. Chicken eggs will hatch after 21 days of incubation, so it is very important to remember the exact date you put the eggs in the incubator. Besides, do not forget to monitor the temperature and humidity parameters.
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Egg island. Turn the egg a quarter to a half round 3 times a day for the first 18 days. You need to rotate so that one end of the egg turns downward and the other turns up. Mark one end with an “X” and the other with an “O” to easily keep track of which end is rotating upwards.
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Check eggs after the first week of incubation. Egg screening helps you detect eggs without embryos and eggs of poor quality. When scanning, you hold the egg in front of a light source in a dark room to clearly see the egg yolk. You can buy an egg detector, but usually just a small, bright flashlight is enough. [5] X Research Source If you find damaged or embryoless eggs, remove them from the incubator.
- If using a flashlight, you should use a light with a small headlight so that the light is focused on the egg
- Another way to make an egg detector at home [6] X Research source is to put a table lamp in a cardboard box with a small hole cut in the lid. Then just insert the egg into the hole for examination.
Turn the egg gently from top to bottom or side to side to get a better look at the egg yolk.
- The surviving embryo will [7] X Source of study appear as a black spot with radiating blood vessels.
- The dead embryo will take the form of a blood ring or blood streak inside the shell.
- The unfertilized egg will be transparent and the embryo inside is not visible.
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Listen to the sound of chicks starting to hatch. On the 21st day, the chicks will begin to “peel” the shell to breathe after perforating the air chamber. From this point it is necessary to observe the eggs carefully. The time from the time the chicks “peel” the eggshell to the time it comes out of the egg can be up to 12 hours.
- If after 12 hours some of them have not yet hatched, peel them off the eggs.
X
wikiHow is a “wiki” site, which means that many of the articles here are written by multiple authors. To create this article, 22 people, some of whom are anonymous, have edited and improved the article over time.
There are 7 references cited in this article that you can see at the bottom of the page.
This article has been viewed 29,738 times.
Household chicken farming has become quite popular lately as more and more people are aware of the plight of hens raised in industrial chicken farms. Incubating chicken eggs can also be a fun project for your family. While the cost of buying an incubator is quite expensive, you can make one at home with a relatively simple process. Maybe you already have the materials you need around your house.
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