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How to Grow Cherry Trees from Seeds

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Professional gardeners’ cherry trees are grown by cuttings so that growers know the exact characteristics of the tree. That’s because cherry trees grown from seeds can produce more bitter-tasting fruit. Growing cherries from seed is a project for home gardeners who want to give it a try and those who want to grow ornamental plants. To grow cherry trees from seed, you will plant the dried cherry seeds in a neutral pH and well-drained soil outdoors in early fall. Choose a location with plenty of sun and press the seeds into the ground about 2.5 cm deep. You can also plant the seeds in pots indoors, then move them outdoors in the spring. Bear in mind that cherry trees often grow to 7.5 meters or more, and you can’t guarantee that they will produce much fruit, so you should make sure you enjoy having a cherry tree to decorate your yard!

Prepare cherry seeds

Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 1

Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 1

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Know the possibilities. Cherries are not a full-fledged parent tree species, meaning they may not be the same as the parent tree. [1] You may have a tree that doesn’t live in the climate you grow, doesn’t tolerate local pests or diseases, or doesn’t produce good fruit. But maybe you plant a new and beautiful tree, and either way you’ll have a lot of fun in the long run.

  • If you want to have a better chance of success, you should plant cherries with seedlings. Nurseries in your area can recommend cherry tree extracts that are suitable for the climate and soil.
Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 2

Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 2

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Choose cherries. Ideally, you can find fresh cherries from local crops or from farmers’ markets in mid or late summer. Seeds of fruit trees at the beginning of the season often do not germinate, and cherries sold in stores have a low success rate. [2] [3] You should buy a full handful, as not all seeds germinate. There are two popular varieties of cherries that you can choose from: [4]

  • Most of the fresh cherries sold in stores are sweet cherries. These cherries are best eaten, but for the most part are only able to grow in USDA zones 5-7.
  • Sour cherries are generally easier to grow and can tolerate growing zones 3-8 depending on cultivar. Fresh fruit can be difficult to find, so go to the farmers’ market to inquire.
Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 3

Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 3

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Eat cherries. Luckily for you, the flesh of the cherries must be removed before sowing the seeds. Enjoy the cherries and wipe away any leftover flesh with a damp paper towel.

  • If it’s still early summer or midsummer, leave the seeds on paper towels for a few days to dry, then store in an airtight container in a cool place. [5] Remove the seeds at the end of summer and move on to the next step.
Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 4

Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 4

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Consider planting trees outdoors in early fall. Cherry seeds need to be kept constantly moist and cold for about 3-5 months to prepare for germination. If your winter is about as long as this, but the temperature doesn’t drop below -30ºC, you can take the easiest option and plant in the fall. If so, skip to the next section. Continue to the next step if you don’t live in this climate or prefer a method with a higher success rate.

  • Sweet cherry trees thrive best when they spend several weeks in warm weather before it gets cold. You will meet this need if you plant in late summer or right at the beginning of fall. However, a bout of warm weather that occurs after the cold has started can cause some plants to go back to dormancy. [6] You can refer to the almanac or long-term weather forecast to avoid this phenomenon.
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Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 5

Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 5

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Store the sweet cherries in warm, moist moss for two weeks (optional). Many people skip this step and still see some seeds sprout, but this process will increase germination for most sweet cherries. [7] Here’s how this process, also known as warm stratification: [8]

  • Buy sterile sphagnum moss. The material is resistant to mold, which is the biggest risk at this stage. Use clean gloves to avoid spreading mold spores onto the moss.
  • Put the moss in a plastic bag or container and pour room temperature water (about 20ºC) over the moss. [9] Wait about 8-10 hours for the moss to absorb water, then squeeze out excess water.
  • Poke a few air holes in the lid of the box. If using a plastic bag, simply open the mouth of the bag.
  • Add the cherries and let it sit for 2 weeks at a steady temperature. Check after a day or two to drain any standing water, then check weekly and throw away any moldy seeds (if any).
Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 6

Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 6

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Switch to damp, cold material. Next, you need to make the cherry trees “think” that they are going through winter. Here’s the “cold stratification” method, very similar to the one above, with just a few changes:

  • You can still use sphagnum moss, but peat moss or a 50/50 mix of peat moss and sand will work best. [10] Vermiculite is also good. [11]
  • Add just enough water to moisten the material but not soggy, then add the seeds.
  • Refrigerate or place in a place where the temperature is between 0.5 and 5ºC (ideally in the early part of this temperature range). [12]
Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 7

Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 7

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Store in the refrigerator for about 90 days. Most varieties of cherries need to be cold-treated for 3 months before planting, some varieties need up to 5 months. Check the seeds about once a week. Drain off any standing water, or add more water if the material feels dry.

  • Check more often towards the end of the cold stratification period. If the hard outer shell of the seed begins to crack, you can plant the seeds right away or reduce the temperature to 0ºC until you are ready to plant. [13]
Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 8

Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 8

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Plant trees in spring. As soon as the strong late spring frosts are over, you can plant the cherry trees in the ground. [14] Read next section for detailed instructions.

  • If you want to start early, you can plant it in a large pot indoors.

Sowing cherry tree seeds

Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 9

Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 9

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Choose a location with good soil. Cherry trees need lots of sun and good air circulation. They prefer sandy, fertile soil with good drainage and a neutral or slightly acidic pH. [15]

  • Seedlings need space for the taproot to grow. If you plant in a pot, you need to use a pot that is at least 20 cm deep.
  • Cherry trees are difficult to grow in clay soil. If you really want to grow plants, you should raise the garden about 30 cm.
Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 10

Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 10

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Sow the seeds at a depth of less than 2.5-5 cm. Use your finger to poke a hole about a knuckle deep and drop a cherry seed into the hole. Plant the cherry trees 30cm apart, but be prepared to replant the surviving trees about 6m apart. [16]

  • You can plant the cherries closer together, but you’ll have to remove the plants when they’ve grown to about 5cm tall. [17]
Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 11

Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 11

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Fill with soil depending on the season. If planting in the fall, cover the seeds with a layer of sand about 2.5–5 cm thick. This prevents the soil from freezing, preventing the shoots from growing. If you’re planting in the spring, simply fill the hole up to ground level with soil. [18]
Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 12

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Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 12

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Protect seeds from rodents. If you plant seeds directly into the soil of your garden instead of growing them in a pot, the seeds will be a prime target for digging animals. Place a wire mesh or metal cloth over the seeding area, fold the edges and press into the ground a few centimeters deep to create a barrier. [19] Remove this fence when the first shoots appear.
Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 13

Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 13

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Water occasionally after the last frost. Lightly water the seeds after the last frost has ended. Water only when the soil is almost completely dry. Young cherries do not tolerate wet soil, but cannot tolerate prolonged drought either.
Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 14

Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 14

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Wait for the plant to sprout. Cherry seeds germinate quite slowly. If you use both warm stratification and cold stratification, the plants can germinate within the next few months. However, some seeds can take a whole year to germinate and emerge from the ground the following spring.

Caring for baby cherry trees

Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 15

Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 15

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Keep the soil slightly moist. You will need to keep the soil moist but not soggy. When the cherry tree has a taproot, check the soil to a depth of about 7.5 cm and water when it feels dry. Drip water until the soil is wet at the depth of the roots. [20] This won’t take much time at first, but you need to remember to adjust as the cherry tree grows.
Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 16

Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 16

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Replant when the plant is sturdy. When the plant reaches a height of about 15 cm or is large enough for the roots to compete or reach the bottom of the pot, you need to provide more space for the plant. You can remove the lowest plants or plant them separately. Each tree needs to be planted about 6 m apart. Remember that the best time to replant is when the plant is dormant, that is, in winter. If you replant while the plant is in vigorous growth, the plant will be stressed and may die.

  • Don’t forget that cherry trees can grow up to 7.5-15 meters tall, depending on the variety. You can keep the height of the tree under 15 m by pruning. [21]
Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 17

Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 17

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Apply mulch every year. Mulch with well-rotted compost each year in early spring. [22] Start mulching after the plants have germinated, as the mulch can prevent the sprouts from rising to the surface.

  • It is best to avoid using fertilizer for seedlings, as plants are very susceptible to burning due to fertilizer. Compost can provide many nutrients for plants.
Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 18

Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 18

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Protect plants from pests. The hardest thing about growing a cherry tree is that the tree is susceptible to diseases and pests. Please take the following steps to protect the tree: [23]

  • Fence around the seedlings with wire mesh to prevent deer. Do this as soon as the plant begins to grow.
  • Once a month, you should look for holes in the trunk that are leaking water or have sawdust-like weevil. Insert a needle into these holes to kill insects.
  • In the spring, wrap a curtain around the trunk to prevent insects from laying eggs.
  • In late autumn, you should plant a wire mesh fence about 5 cm deep into the ground around the tree to prevent rodents. This fence needs to be high enough to prevent rodents from standing on a snowdrift in the winter.
Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 19

Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 19

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Protect the plant from the sun in winter. In early fall, paint the southern trunk with a non-toxic latex white paint diluted with water. Plants are very vulnerable to sun damage during this time. [24]

  • Paint the north part of the tree white instead of the south if you live in the southern hemisphere.
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Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 20

Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 20

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Prune as the cherry tree matures. Cherry trees are not too difficult to prune, but pruning also helps the tree to bear fruit and look better. In general, sour cherry trees need only a little pruning to create symmetrical branches. With sweet cherry trees, cut the main stem in the middle to encourage the tree to grow more side shoots.
Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 21

Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 21

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Consider grafting. If left untouched, a cherry tree will usually take five years or so to bear fruit, if the tree can bear fruit. Grafting is a bit risky for seed plants, as you don’t know exactly what variety the tree belongs to, but gardeners can recommend fruit varieties. You can graft this branch into a 2-year-old tree and can harvest fruit in the third or fourth year if the graft is successful.
Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 22

Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 22

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Pollinate flowers. The pretty flowers alone give you a reason to plant a cherry tree. However, if you want to see cherries as an alternative to flowers, the tree must be pollinated. With most varieties of sweet cherries, you’ll need another cherry tree close by and bloom around the same time. Cherry trees are usually pollinated by honey bees. If you use pesticides, make sure you don’t affect this important insect. [25]
  • Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 23

    Image titled Plant Cherry Seeds Step 23

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    Chase birds. No one can grow cherries without giving some to the birds. If you are lucky enough to see a tree bear fruit, find a way to protect it before the fruit ripens. There are many ways to distract or scare away birds, including planting mulberry trees (which birds find even tastier) and hanging shiny objects on cherry tree branches.

    • Gardeners also put nets over the trees to prevent birds and other animals from coming to eat the fruit.

    • Advice

    • For the tree to bear fruit, you typically need two varieties of sweet cherry trees to pollinate each other. [26] Sour cherry trees are usually self-pollinating.
    • Cherry trees can take 7-8 years to bear fruit, so you should consider planting a new batch every year. That way you will have backup plants if some of them die before they reach maturity.
    • Yellow cherries are less attractive to birds, but can take up to 6 years or longer to bear fruit. [27]

    Warning

    • Do not sow cherry seeds directly into the ground in summer or spring. Although any seed will winter, the lack of stratification will prevent the seeds from germinating in the spring.

    Things you need

    • Cherry
    • Crushed sphagnum moss
    • Sand
    • Peat moss
    • Fridge
    • Plastic or metal box
    • Plant pots or garden soil
    • Soil of good quality

    Professional gardeners’ cherry trees are grown by cuttings so that growers know the exact characteristics of the tree. That’s because cherry trees grown from seeds can produce more bitter-tasting fruit. Growing cherries from seed is a project for home gardeners who want to give it a try and those who want to grow ornamental plants. To grow cherry trees from seed, you will plant the dried cherry seeds in a neutral pH and well-drained soil outdoors in early fall. Choose a location with plenty of sun and press the seeds into the ground about 2.5 cm deep. You can also plant the seeds in pots indoors, then move them outdoors in the spring. Bear in mind that cherry trees often grow to 7.5 meters or more, and you can’t guarantee that they will produce much fruit, so you should make sure you enjoy having a cherry tree to decorate your yard!

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