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A pie chart is a type of chart used for statistical comparison. It’s called a pie chart because it’s a circle divided into smaller pieces like slices of pie. Pie charts show percentages in an easy to understand way but can also be a magic tool when sharing complex data. You can draw charts by hand with a compass, pencil, and crayons or markers. You can also use word software or a free online program to draw a pie chart.
Steps
Calculate statistics
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Write each data out and list it from top to bottom. Start with the largest number in your data series. Write that number on the paper in the top row. Write the second largest number directly below. Write each number on a row to create a column of data. [1] X Research Source
- You’ll find it easier to calculate rounded numbers, so remove the decimals if possible. For example, round 20.4 to 20, or 5.8 to 6. Things will be simpler and won’t affect your numbers much.
- For example, if you draw a pie chart of the number of livestock on the farm, you might list 24 cows at the top, then 20 pigs, and 6 chickens.
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Label each number that you write down to avoid forgetting. You can draw symbols or write labels based on the type of metric the pie chart is depicting. Place the label right next to the corresponding numbers on the same row. This will make it easier to keep track of what each number represents. [2] X Research Source
- For example, you would write “cow” next to 24, “pig” next to 20, and “chicken” next to 6. You can also use little drawings to represent each animal or abbreviate their names with the letters “B”, “L”, and “G”.
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Add the numbers together to get the denominator. Draw a horizontal line under the column of data and use a calculator to add up the numbers. Write the sum found under the horizontal line to get the denominator. This is the number that you will take each data to divide by the result is a decimal. [3] X Research Sources
- The denominator is the mathematical term for the number below the fractional line.
- The idea here is that you would take each number in your data and divide it by the denominator to get a decimal. The result will give us the percentage of each data compared to the total. You would multiply each decimal by 360 to determine the value of each of their parts in the pie chart.
- In the case of a pie chart representing farm animals, you would add 24, 20, and 6 together to get a total of 50. This result is the denominator.
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Divide each number by the denominator to get a decimal. Use a calculator to divide each data by the denominator. Write the decimal result next to the corresponding data. Each number will be less than 1, and the numbers in the new column will sort in descending value with the largest number at the top and the smallest number at the bottom. [4] X Research Sources
- If any of the results is greater than 1, you have miscalculated. Each result found must be a decimal.
- With a pie chart representing farm animals, 24/50 = 0.48 cows, 20/50 = 0.4 pigs, and 6/50 = 0.12 chickens.
Tip: Decimals are like percentages. For example, 0.44 is also 44%. This can help you visualize how big each data is. If you don’t care about accuracy, you can stop and use these ratios to sketch a pie chart.
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Multiply the decimals by 360 to get the angle needed for each slice of the graph. Use a calculator to multiply each decimal by 360. Write the result next to the decimal so that each set of numbers is in the same row as the corresponding original data. [5] X Research Sources
- You may want to round the number up or down to get an even value. For example, you could convert 56.6 to 57. Unless you’re creating a specific type of pie chart that requires smaller breakdowns, round the numbers to make the chart easier to read.
- With a pie chart representing farm animals, we have: 0.48 cows x 360 = 172.8, 0.4 pigs x 360 = 144, and 0.12 chickens x 360 = 43.2 . Rounds 172.8 to 173, and rounds 43.2 to 43.
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Add the numbers together to check the result. Check the results by finding the sum of the values found. If the sum is 360 then you did it right. If it’s 361 or 359, you may not have rounded up or down correctly. If the numbers are completely wrong, you missed a step, check the calculation again to see where it went wrong. [6] X Research Sources
- In this example, 173 + 144 + 43 = 360, so you know the corners will make the correct circle in the graph.
Draw a chart
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Use a mathematical compass to draw a circle. If you want to be absolutely precise, get a math compass and attach the pencil to the holder by sliding the pen in. Press the pointed end of the compass to the point you want to form the center of the circle. Rotate the tip of the pencil around while the tip stays still to create an accurate circle. [7] X Research Sources
- If you don’t have a compass and don’t care much about accuracy, you can use circular objects, such as lids, caps, or bottles as the edges of the circle and trace around them.
- You can use pens if you want, but you’ll have to start over if you make a mistake.
Tip: Make the circle as big as you want! You only need to know the angles of each part that make up the graph, and they are independent of the size of the circle.
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Draw a line from the center to the edge of the circle to create the radius. Hold the pointed end of the compass and rotate the lead to the top of the circle. Pull the pencil straight down toward the pointed end after loosening the hinge to create a radius. Depending on the style of the compass, you may need to make a mark in the center of the circle after removing the tip, followed by drawing a line joining the edge of the circle. [8] X Research Sources
- That line can be vertical (12 or 6 o’clock on the watch face) or horizontal (9 or 3 o’clock on the face). The slices you create will go in a forward or counterclockwise direction.
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Place the degree ruler above the radius. Place the small hole located on the bottom edge of the scale to coincide with the point where the compass point is located. Align a straight line from the 90 degree mark on the degree ruler. [9] X Research Source
- The hole located on the bottom edge of the degree ruler is called the reticle and is used to create a precise 90-degree angle by drawing a line with the 90-degree mark.
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Draw each slice, shifting the reticle each time you draw a line. Keep the reticle at the center of the circle and write the first data at the 90 degree point. Find this number on the outside of the degree ruler and mark. Next, draw a line from the marker to the center of the circle. Each newly drawn line makes a 90 degree angle with the center of the circle for the next part you calculate. [10] X Research Source
- For example, if you were graphing farm animals, the first number would be 144. Add 144 to 90 to get 234. Mark at 234 degrees and draw a line. Rotate the degree ruler and use the line you just drew to mark the new 90 degrees. The next data is 43 degrees. Take the line just drawn and add 43 to 90 to get 133 degrees. Mark at 133 degrees and draw a line to the center of the circle. The rest of the circle will be 173 degrees.
- You can use the bottom edge of the degree ruler and skip adding the data by 90 if you want. You’ll have to draw from the corner up, but doing this is error-prone.
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Color each part and set the code key. Set the keycode for the pie chart. Color each section differently so you can easily identify what each slice represents. [11] X Research Source
- Fill in circles and pencil marks with a permanent black marker if you really want to pop the color.
- You can also use a pattern, such as a cow hair spot, to represent the number of cows in the chart!
Draw a pie chart on the computer
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Create a pie chart in Excel using the chart tool. In an Excel spreadsheet, write each data label in the left column. Write each corresponding data right next to it on the same row. Highlight the labels and numbers by clicking and holding the mouse before dragging over all the labels and data. Release the mouse and click the little icon that pops up next to the numbers. Click “Charts” then click “Pie Chart” to create a pie chart. [12] X Research Source
- The order in which the data are listed determines the order in which they appear on the chart. This is very important if you are creating sequential charts.
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Click the chart button in Word software to create a pie chart. In Microsoft Word, click the “Insert” tab at the top of the program. Click on the 3 bars that say “Chart” at the top of the page. On the left side of the window, click the “Pie” tab and choose a style for your chart. A new window will pop up with a set of rows, colors, and sample titles. [13] X Research Source
- Edit each label by changing the words to reflect what your data represents. Click on the name of the chart to edit it so that it reflects the theme of the pie chart. Substitute the number next to each label to reflect your data.
- Any pie chart created in Excel or Word can be copied and pasted into PowerPoint.
- The pie chart you create in Word will be exactly the same as the graph plotted in Excel.
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Use an online program to create a pie chart if you don’t have Word or Excel software. There are a few free websites that allow you to import data and create pie charts. Look for a free site online that allows you to customize the design and enter your own values. You may have to create a free account on some websites to download charts directly, but you can always use a screen capture program to take a picture of the chart. [14] X Research Source
- Two of the most popular online charting tools are: https://www.meta-chart.com/ and https://www.onlinecharttop.com. They allow you to control different designs and enter your own information.
- To use the Meta-Chart program, click on “Pie Chart” on the main screen. Choose a style, border, and background color. Click the “Data” tab to enter numbers and the “Labels” tab to enter the name of each data. Click the “Display” button to create a chart.
- To use the Online Charting Tool, select “Pie” from the drop-down menu at the top of the screen. Choose the look, color, and design for the chart. Click “next” to import stickers and data. Click “next” and select the font. Click “next” again to create the chart.
Things you need
Statistical calculation
- Paper
- Pencil
Draw a chart
- Calculator
- Math Compa
- Gages
- Pencil
- Markers or colored pencils.
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This article is co-authored by a team of editors and trained researchers who confirm the accuracy and completeness of the article.
The wikiHow Content Management team carefully monitors the work of editors to ensure that every article is up to a high standard of quality.
This article has been viewed 82,058 times.
A pie chart is a type of chart used for statistical comparison. It’s called a pie chart because it’s a circle divided into smaller pieces like slices of pie. Pie charts show percentages in an easy to understand way but can also be a magic tool when sharing complex data. You can draw charts by hand with a compass, pencil, and crayons or markers. You can also use word software or a free online program to draw a pie chart.
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