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This article was co-written by Maggie Moran. Maggie Moran is a professional gardener in Pennsylvania.
This article has been viewed 16,820 times.
It is no wonder that rhododendrons are called “the queen of the garden”. The azaleas are the inspiration for poets and painters to create beautiful poems and pictures. From vibrant pink, sweet peach to tender purple, this flower creates a mesmerizing scene when in full bloom.
Steps
Planting azaleas
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Find out if azaleas are suitable for your climate. Rhododendrons typically grow in climate zone 6. This means they need relatively warm weather, generally temperatures not falling below -17.8 to -23.3ºC. If you live in a colder climate, you might want to consider growing another tree species. However, there are also some varieties of rhododendrons that can tolerate colder temperatures. [1] X Research source :
- Deciduous rhododendrons like Roseshell ( Rhododendron prinophyllum ) can survive in climate zone 4. This means they can survive temperatures dropping below -34.4ºC.
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Plant rhododendrons in late spring or early fall. Those are the best times to plant azaleas, as most azaleas will bloom next spring. However, there are a few other varieties of rhododendrons such as ‘Weston’s Lemon Drop’ and ‘Flame Creeper’ that can bloom in June or July. [2] X Research Source
- ‘Sweet September’ is a pink-flowered azalea that blooms very late and blooms in September, as its name suggests.
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Plant azalea bushes on suitable soil. Rhododendrons grow well in nutrient-rich, acidic and well-drained soil. The soil for growing azaleas should have a pH between 5.5 and 6.0. It is important that the soil has good drainage as this plant does not tolerate wet soil. You should also avoid using sticky clay to grow azaleas, as the clay will “suffocate” the roots. [3] X Research Sources
- If the soil in your area is alkaline, you can make a raised flower garden with a mix of coarse peat moss and ground bark.
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Choose a place with some shade. In general, azaleas do well when planted in partial shade with thin foliage that allows sunlight to pass through. Look for positions under the shade of tall trees. However, there are also some species of azaleas that bloom better in bright light. When buying azaleas, you should ask for information about the variety you are buying or do an internet search when you bring the plant home.
- The east and north sides of the house are the best locations for azaleas as there is little direct sunlight.
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Dig a hole as deep as the root ball and twice as wide as the root pot. Allow a small portion of the plant’s roots to emerge from the ground slightly when placing the plant down. Plant the rhododendrons about 0.6 m to 2 m apart. Fill the hole halfway with soil, water well, then fill the hole with soil. [4] X Research Sources
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Put a layer of mulch on the ground around the tree. Rhododendron roots grow fairly shallow, so they often dry out without mulch on the ground. To retain moisture and acidity in the soil, you should cover with a layer of pine needles, oak leaves or sawdust. This mulch will provide the plants with the nutrients they need, so you don’t need to use fertilizer if you already have mulch. [5] X Research Sources
- Apply mulch about 2.5 cm thick around the plant. If planting multiple plants, the mulch should be 5 cm to 7.5 cm deep between plants.
Take care of plant
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Water regularly until the plant takes root. This plant absorbs water through its leaves, so it is important to wet the foliage and the soil around the roots. However, it’s best to water in the morning so the plant has time to absorb the water and dry out all day – if it’s soggy at night, the risk of mold is higher. [6] X Research Sources
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Watering plants in the dry season. Once the azaleas have taken root, they can grow quite well on their own. However, watering the rhododendron is very important during the dry season. Rhododendrons will wilt when they dry out, so you need to watch the plants – they will let you know when they are “thirsty”. [7] X Research Sources
- Using a sprinkler system to water from the top is a great way to water azaleas – just remember to set your watering time in the morning.
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Apply mulch and fertilize after flowers fade. In late spring, when the flowers have faded, you should add nutrients to the plant. Apply new mulch to the ground around the tree. Use an acidifier, a controlled slow release fertilizer (can be sprayed with a spray bottle) to support the plant throughout the summer. Good fertilizers include rhododendron fertilizers or cottonseed residue. [8] X Research Sources
- Remember not to fertilize before the plant blooms – fertilizer will stimulate leaf growth instead of flowering.
- Make sure to apply mulch around the trunk by a few dozen centimeters.
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Prune trees. If you grow a deciduous rhododendron, you should prune it when the tree has shed its leaves and is dormant. The azalea variety is evergreen or bushy, so pruning off weak branches will create a balanced shape for the tree. Trees should never be pruned after July 1, otherwise the number of blooms will decrease the following spring.
- Remember that if you can skip the pruning, all the better. Do not prune trees unless absolutely necessary.
Caring for azaleas grown indoors
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Use potted rhododendron soil. Like outdoor rhododendrons, potted rhododendrons prefer acidic and well-drained soil. The best soil for potted rhododendrons is a lime-free peat moss mix. [9] X Research Source
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Fertilize the plant every two weeks throughout the growing season. You should apply a fertilizer with a high concentration of potassium, specifically for acid-loving plants. If possible, choose a fertilizer that contains iron.
- You’ll know if your rhododendron is lacking in nutrients by looking at the leaves. If you see yellow leaves with green veins, the plant probably needs more nutrients.
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Keep the soil moist but not too wet. That means you need to plant the plant in a pot with a drainage hole. Rhododendrons don’t do well with ‘wet feet’ – the result of over-watering – but the plant needs moist soil. If possible, use distilled or rainwater to water your plants – hard water like tap water contains chlorine and chloramines that are not good for plants.
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Provide the right amount of light. As with azaleas grown outdoors, potted plants should not be placed in direct sunlight, as too much sun will cause the flowers and leaves to brown and die. You should put the flower pot in a room with light but no direct sunlight.
- Double-check to make sure the variety of azalea you grow doesn’t need direct sunlight. Some varieties of azaleas actually need direct sunlight.
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Maintain the right temperature for the plant. Rhododendrons grow best in cool to room temperature. You should keep the temperature between 16-21°C to help the plant grow healthy. If possible, use a humidifier in the room where the plant is located, as rhododendrons thrive in high or moderate humidity. [10] X Research Source
- If you don’t have a humidifier, you can place the potted plant in a tray of wet gravel. This will provide enough moisture for the plant.
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Help the plant bloom again. Azaleas grown indoors can be difficult to re-bloom as they need several months of low temperatures (the plant’s own winter) in order to bud. During fall or winter, support the plant by placing the pot where the temperature ranges from 4-13°C. This will allow the plant to hibernate like outdoors and bloom in the spring. [11] X Research Source
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Prune. In order to have a blooming season for your precious thing (so to speak), you will have to prune the tree every year. Prune the plant after the blooming period has ended. Cut the stem about 0.6 cm above where the leaves or branches emerge from the stem (also called the leaf eye). Using sharp pruning shears (to avoid tearing branches) cut the trunk at a 45° angle. This step will help the plant to flower more next season.
Advice
- If you live in a cold climate, you should consider growing azaleas in pots. That way you can still enjoy the beauty of the flowers and the plants are still able to survive the harsh climate by living indoors.
X
This article was co-written by Maggie Moran. Maggie Moran is a professional gardener in Pennsylvania.
This article has been viewed 16,820 times.
It is no wonder that rhododendrons are called “the queen of the garden”. The azaleas are the inspiration for poets and painters to create beautiful poems and pictures. From vibrant pink, sweet peach to tender purple, this flower creates a mesmerizing scene when in full bloom.
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