. American engineer . in. at a speed equal to the diameter of the drivers in inches.k ^L ^— * -X * Secfion /l-B. 5Maxinnini wliip action at a section — L from the crosshead 9pin—section -AB A = .rea o

. American engineer . in. at a speed equal to the diameter of the drivers in inches.k ^L ^— * -X * Secfion /l-B. 5Maxinnini wliip action at a section — L from the crosshead 9pin—section -AB A = .rea of section A B in square inches. V = Linear velocity of the crank pin in feet per second. (If the speed is taken as, diameter speed, i. e., if a 62 in.diameter driver, 62 miles an hour; 84 in. diameter driver, 84miles an hour, etc., then V = 1.466 X stroke in inches [seeTable XI]j. 1 = Length of rod center to center in inches,g ^ Gravity = 32.16. r = Radius of the crank in feet. (See Table^ XL)R

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. American engineer . in. at a speed equal to the diameter of the drivers in inches.k_ ^L ^— * -X * Secfion /l-B. 5Maxinnini wliip action at a section — L from the crosshead 9pin—section -AB A = .rea of section A B in square inches. V = Linear velocity of the crank pin in feet per second. (If the speed is taken as, diameter speed, i. e., if a 62 in.diameter driver, 62 miles an hour; 84 in. diameter driver, 84miles an hour, etc., then V = 1.466 X stroke in inches [seeTable XI]j. 1 = Length of rod center to center in inches, g ^ Gravity = 32.16. r = Radius of the crank in feet. (See Table^ XL)R = Resistance of section A B about a.xis X X.C = Per cent, of full boiler pres. due to speed and cut off and the effect of various heating surfaces. (See Diagram IIL)P = Area of piston times the full boiler pressure. (See Table IV.) AFor — of rectangular sections see Table X.R. I /Irea 9.6>i 3fyk I. -± I I Mill or plane out a constant width h and taper the flanges.The section shown in style 2 is preferred to style 1 for mainrods. Flanges less than J4 >■ thick should not be used. SIDE RODS. (1) The rod as a strut in compression. The loading on each side rod, to be used for the ma.ximumcompression loads on the rods, and the loads on the rod stubsand strength of side rod wrist pins are given in per cent, of themain rod load, P in Diagram VI. These resultant loads can only be obtained at starting, andinclude a factor for shock, due to worn pins and brasses, un-even tramming of the rods, uneven alinement of the wheels, slipping of one wheel and transferring its load to another andcatching the wheels on sand when slipping. These forces arehard to determine, and have been included in one general fac-tor. This same loading on the side rods would be obtained if a factor of adhesion of about .4 were used. This may seem high, but experience has shown that this l