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This article was co-written by Laura Marusinec, MD. Marusinec is a licensed pediatrician at Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin, and she is a member of the Clinical Practice Council. She received her PhD from the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine in 1995 and completed her residency at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine with a major in Pediatrics in 1998. She is a member of the American Medical Writers Association and the American Medical Writers Association. Children’s Emergency Care Association.
There are 18 references cited in this article that you can see at the bottom of the page.
This article has been viewed 12,731 times.
Strep throat is a bacterial infection of the throat that can be transmitted, with an estimated 30 million cases each year. Children and people with weakened immune systems are more susceptible to strep than healthy people, but you can spread it at any age. The only way to know for sure if you have strep throat is to see your doctor and get a medical test. However, there are specific symptoms of the disease that you can recognize before you see your doctor.
Steps
Oral and Throat Symptom Assessment
- Provided that this sore throat must appear independently, it is not painful to speak or swallow.
- Pain that can be alleviated by taking medicine or using cold food or drink can still be linked to strep, but it is very difficult to get rid of the pain completely without using prescription medication.
- Breath has a strong but difficult to describe odor, some say it smells like metal or a hospital, others like rotten meat. But no matter what the smell, “streptococcal breath” will smell and smell worse than normal breath.
- Because “bad breath” depends on the subjective assessment of each person, this is not really a diagnosis, just a commonly associated sign. [2] X Domino Research Source , F. (nd). The 5-minute clinical consult standard 2015 (23rd ed.).
- Although lymph nodes are located in many different places on the body, the ones closest to the infection will swell first. So with strep throat, lymph nodes located in the throat or in the surrounding area will swell. [3] X Research Sources
- Use your fingertips to gently touch the area directly in front of the ear, then move your finger in a circular motion behind the ear. [4] X Research Sources
- You also need to check the area of the throat just below the chin. With this disease, the most common place for lymph nodes to swell is under the jawbone, somewhere between the chin and the ear. Move your fingertips back and up to the ear, then down along the side of the neck below the ear.
- Finish the test on the collarbone and repeat the same on the other side.
- If you feel a significant bulge or swelling in the area just checked, it could be a swollen lymph node caused by streptococcus. [5] X Research Source Domino, F. (nd). The 5-minute clinical consult standard 2015 (23rd ed.).
- They are bright red or crimson in color, and appear to be swollen overall.
- More than just appearing as a white coating, you can see long streaks of white pus covering the tonsils. [8] X Research Source Domino, F. (nd). The 5-minute clinical consult standard 2015 (23rd ed.). This is a symptom of strep throat.
Review of Other Common Symptoms
- It is very difficult to know which person is carrying streptococci. Unless you’ve been completely isolated before then, it’s only likely that you’ve been in contact with someone carrying the disease.
- Many people can carry the disease and spread it to others even if they themselves have no symptoms.
- But this sign alone is not enough to rule out streptococci.
- Scarlet fever usually occurs 12 to 48 hours after the first symptoms of strep throat appear.
- The rash begins around the neck before spreading to the chest and even down to the abdomen and groin area. In rare cases the rash may appear on the back, arms, legs or face.
- When you take antibiotics, scarlet fever goes away quickly. So if your rash has this feature, you should see your doctor as soon as possible, regardless of whether other symptoms of strep infection are present.
- Pharyngitis does not usually cause nasal symptoms. This means you won’t have a cough, runny nose, stuffy nose, or red and itchy eyes. [10] X Research Source
- In addition, pharyngitis causes abdominal pain but does not cause diarrhea.
Review of Recent History and Risk Factors
- Older patients and those with another illness (such as the flu) are more susceptible to opportunistic infections.
- Although children are at higher risk of infection, infants younger than 2 years of age are less likely to contract the disease. However, they do not have the usual symptoms seen in children and adults. Newborns may have fever, runny nose, cough, and loss of appetite. Talk to your doctor about the possibility that your baby has strep throat when he or she has a fever or other symptoms and has previously been in close contact with you or someone who has strep.
- Your immune system may be weakened simply because you are tired. Exercising or exercising too much (such as running a long distance race) also causes the body to lose a lot of strength. At that time, your body only focuses on the recovery process, so the ability to fight infection will decrease. Simply put, the body is mainly focused on recovering physical strength, so it cannot protect itself effectively.
- Smoking also damages the protective lining of the mouth and makes it easier for bacteria to colonize.
- Oral sex facilitates more direct contact of the oral cavity with bacteria.
- Diabetes reduces the ability to fight infections.
Go to Medical Checkup
- You should also consult a doctor if sore throat persists for more than 48 hours.
- They take your temperature.
- The doctor then shines a light into the throat, they definitely need to check for swollen tonsils, tiny red spots on the tongue, or look for white or yellow streaks in the depths of the throat.
- Your doctor gives you a score (positive or negative) for signs and symptoms as follows: +1 point for a milky white nodule on the tonsils (fluid from the tonsils), +1 point for swollen, painful lymph nodes (swollen lymph nodes on the side of the tonsils) neck), +1 points for recent fever, +1 points for patients under 15 years of age, +0 points for ages 15-45, -1 points for patients older than 45 years, and -1 points if have a cough.
- If you have 3 to 4 points, you get a positive predictive value (PPV) of approximately 80% that you have group A streptococcus. Basically, you are strep positive. If this infection is to be treated with antibiotics, your doctor will prescribe the correct dose of medication you need to take. [15] X Research Sources McIsaac WJ, Kellner JD, Aufricht P, et al. Empirical validation of guidelines for the management of pharyngitis in children and adults.JAMA. 2004;291:1587–1595.
- The doctor uses a cotton swab (similar to a Niva swab) to take a sample of the liquid inside the throat to test for bacteria. You get results in 5 to 10 minutes when the fluid is tested.
- Although a rapid strep test is normally sufficient to determine if a streptococcal infection is present, there have been a number of cases where false negative results have been reported. In comparison, throat cultures give more accurate results.
- A throat culture is not needed if the strep test is positive, because it directly checks for bacterial antigens and is positive only if a certain threshold of bacteria exists. The results showed that it was necessary to treat immediately with antibiotics. [19] X Research Source Domino, F. (nd). The 5-minute clinical consult standard 2015 (23rd ed.).
- The doctor uses a cotton swab to take a sample of the fluid from the inside of the throat, and then sends the swab to the laboratory. Here, people inoculate the sample into a plate containing white agar, the bacteria are incubated for 18-48 hours depending on the method of each laboratory. If you are sick, group A beta streptococcus will multiply in the dish. [20] X Research Sources
- A course of antibiotics usually lasts up to 10 days (depending on the type of antibiotic decided by your doctor). You must take antibiotics for a full course of treatment, even if you feel well before the course is over.
- Penicillin, amoxicillin, cephalosporins, and azithromycin are common antibiotics used to treat infections. Penicillin is commonly used and effective for strep throat. However, some people are allergic to this drug, so you should let your doctor know if you are aware of the potential for side effects. Amoxicillin is also a good choice for this type of sore throat. In terms of effectiveness, it is similar to penicillin but has the ability to withstand the acid secreted from the stomach before being absorbed into the body. In addition, amoxicillin has a broader spectrum of activity than penicillin.
- Azithromycin, erythromycin, or cephalosporins are alternatives to penicillin when the patient is allergic to penicillin. Note that erythromycin has a higher risk of gastrointestinal side effects. [23] X Research Sources
- Get plenty of sleep, drink herbal tea and plenty of water to relieve a sore throat.
- Besides, sometimes you should also consume cold drinks, ice cream and ice cream to soothe the throat. [24] X Research Source
Advice
- Stay home for at least 24 hours after starting treatment for a strep infection.
- Do not share cups, eating utensils or contact with secretions of an infected person. Keep personal items separate if you have an infection.
Warning
- Seek medical attention right away if you cannot swallow liquids whole, show signs of dehydration, cannot swallow saliva, have severe neck pain, or stiff neck.
- Remember that mononucleosis has similar symptoms to a streptococcal infection, or both conditions occur at the same time. If your test results are negative for strep, but your symptoms persist and you are very tired, you should ask your doctor to test for mono.
- Strep throat must be treated with antibiotics, otherwise it will develop into rheumatic fever, which is an extremely dangerous disease because it affects the heart and joints. This process takes place 9-10 days after the first symptoms of strep throat appear, so you must act quickly.
- If, while being treated for a strep infection, you develop a cola-colored urine or a decrease in urine output, you should contact your doctor immediately. That could be a sign of nephritis, which is a complication of strep throat. [25] X Research Sources
This article was co-written by Laura Marusinec, MD. Marusinec is a licensed pediatrician at Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin, and she is a member of the Clinical Practice Council. She received her PhD from the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine in 1995 and completed her residency at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine with a major in Pediatrics in 1998. She is a member of the American Medical Writers Association and the American Medical Writers Association. Children’s Emergency Care Association.
There are 18 references cited in this article that you can see at the bottom of the page.
This article has been viewed 12,731 times.
Strep throat is a bacterial infection of the throat that can be transmitted, with an estimated 30 million cases each year. Children and people with weakened immune systems are more susceptible to strep than healthy people, but you can spread it at any age. The only way to know for sure if you have strep throat is to see your doctor and get a medical test. However, there are specific symptoms of the disease that you can recognize before you see your doctor.
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