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Onychomycosis occurs when one or more nails become infected with a fungus. It can start with a white or yellow spot under the tip of a fingernail or toenail. When the fungus spreads deep into the nail, it can cause the nail to discolor, thicken, peel off the edge of the nail, which is unsightly and can be painful. A fungal nail infection usually occurs if the nail is constantly exposed to moist and warm environments, such as sweaty shoes or water floors. A warm and humid environment is favorable for nail fungus to grow and spread. Although some people are genetically predisposed to fungal infections, factors such as swimming and sweating are often to blame for the fungus to appear due to moisture build-up. In extreme cases, nail fungus can be very painful and affect the ability to move hands or feet. Read the steps below to learn how to treat nail fungus at home or seek medical treatment.
Steps
Try home remedies
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Put tea tree oil on your nails. Tea tree oil has been used as an antiseptic and antifungal agent for centuries. Dab directly or dab tea tree oil on a cotton ball and rub it on the infected nail.
- Use a toothbrush to gently scrub your nails. Remember to throw the brush away after use.
- Try mixing tea tree oil with olive oil and rub it on your nails. You can rub this mixture onto your nails as many times as you want, but twice daily is usually enough to treat mild cases.
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Mix together baking soda, hydrogen peroxide, white vinegar, and salt. Mix 4 cups hot water, ¼ cup hydrogen peroxide, and ½ cup Epsom salt, then add ¼ cup white vinegar. These ingredients are available at drugstores. Soak nails directly in the mixture or wet cotton balls and apply on nails for about 10 minutes. Repeat twice daily.
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Rub pure orange essential oil on your nails. Like tea tree oil, orange oil is also used as an antifungal agent and can kill nail fungus. Remember to rub orange essential oil on your nails and under your toenails. Make sure you’re not allergic to orange essential oil by testing it on a small patch of skin before using it.
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Crush fresh garlic and mix with white vinegar. Garlic has antifungal properties when used in its fresh form. Garlic needs to be crushed to release allicin, a compound with antifungal properties. Soak your toenails in the mixture for as long as possible. Eating fresh garlic can also help kill the fungus.
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Take advantage of the acidity and antibacterial properties of apple cider vinegar. The acid in apple cider vinegar prevents the fungus from spreading and kills bacteria. Dilute vinegar with water in equal proportions and soak nails in the solution for up to 30 minutes. Do it every day and remember to dry your nails after soaking.
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Soak the infected nail in an antibacterial mouthwash. The alcohol in the mouthwash has an antiseptic effect, and the antifungal compounds help get rid of the fungus. Soak your nails in mouthwash every day for about 15 minutes.
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Apply Vick’s VapoRub Oil. Apply a small amount of decongestant oil to your nails and put on socks or gloves before going to bed. Make sure your nails are completely dry before applying Vick’s Oil. [1] X Research Source
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Apply lavender essential oil to the infected nail. Lavender essential oil has antiseptic properties and reduces skin irritation. Heat lavender essential oil in the microwave until warm. Dip a cotton ball in lavender essential oil and apply it to the infected nail for a few minutes, several times a day.
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Try oregano essential oil, which has antiseptic, antibacterial, antiparasitic, antiviral, analgesic, and antifungal properties. Oregano oil can be very effective in treating nail fungus. Put a few drops of the oil on the infected area several times a day.
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Squeeze the lemon over the nail and around the nail. The citric acid in lemon helps prevent nail fungus from spreading to other nails or other areas of the body. Wait for about 15 minutes, then rinse thoroughly with water. [2] X Research Source
Medical treatment
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Use medication. See your doctor for an oral antifungal prescription if the above home remedies don’t work. The two most common prescription drugs that are thought to be particularly effective are terbinafine (Lamisil) and itraconazpe (Sporanox). Ask your doctor about the best medication for your condition.
- You may be prescribed oral medication if you are at risk of developing cellulitis or have pain from nail fungus.
- Oral medications will help grow new nails that are free of fungal infections, but it will take a long time for a complete nail change. The drug usually starts to work after 6-12 weeks, but it can take many months to completely heal.
- Note that oral medications can cause some side effects, including rashes and liver problems.
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Apply antifungal nail polish. If the fungal infection is not so severe that it requires oral medication, you may be prescribed an antifungal nail polish by your doctor. This nail polish basically looks like nail polish and is only used on nails that are infected with the fungus. The most commonly prescribed antifungal nail polish is ciclopirox (Penlac).
- Apply to the infected area once a day for a week. Then use rubbing alcohol to wipe it clean and start a new process.
- The downside of this therapy is that it takes a long time to get rid of the fungus, it can take up to a year to get rid of the nail fungus.
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Try a gel or cream. Your doctor may prescribe topical creams or gels with antifungal ingredients or urea to help absorb moisture. Some creams require a prescription, others can be purchased without a prescription.
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Consider surgery. In severe cases, you may need to surgically remove part or all of the infected nail. Don’t worry, the nail will grow back, you just need to wait a while and it can be a bit painful.
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Laser treatment. Doctors can now treat nail fungus with laser or photodynamic therapy to get rid of the fungus. Laser therapy has only been available for a few years, so some areas may not be available. Besides, this therapy costs from several million to tens of millions of dong. [3] X Research Sources
Prevent nail fungus
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Maintain good hygiene. Let the nail expose to the air as much as possible. You can keep your nails dry by avoiding tight shoes and sweaty socks, and choosing open-toed shoes.
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Cut nails short, keep them dry and clean. Use a nail clipper to fix your nails regularly. Cut your fingernails short to prevent bacteria from settling under the nail.
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Wear breathable socks. Avoid cotton socks and wool socks if you know your feet will sweat. Synthetic socks are better at preventing moisture from accumulating and soaking in socks.
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Wear rubber gloves when washing dishes or using cleaning products. Not only will this help you avoid exposure to bacteria while doing housework, but it will also keep your hands dry. Bacteria like to live in warm and humid places, so you should avoid creating this environment around your nails if possible.
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Always wear shoes when in public. This is especially important when you shower at the gym. Remember to wear sandals when showering if you share a bathroom with more than one person. Places that are always moist and warm, full of sweaty people, are breeding grounds for bacteria.
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Avoid unsanitary nail salons. Make sure nail salons disinfect tools after serving each client.
- If you don’t want to ask the salon owner or aren’t sure if they’re telling the truth, just bring your own set of manicures and ask them to use your tools and polish.
- You should also stop applying nail polish and fake nails. Nail polish can trap moisture in the nail, furthermore can scratch and create a favorable environment for bacteria. [4] X Research Sources
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This article is co-authored by a team of editors and trained researchers who confirm the accuracy and completeness of the article.
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Onychomycosis occurs when one or more nails become infected with a fungus. It can start with a white or yellow spot under the tip of a fingernail or toenail. When the fungus spreads deep into the nail, it can cause the nail to discolor, thicken, peel off the edge of the nail, which is unsightly and can be painful. A fungal nail infection usually occurs if the nail is constantly exposed to moist and warm environments, such as sweaty shoes or water floors. A warm and humid environment is favorable for nail fungus to grow and spread. Although some people are genetically predisposed to fungal infections, factors such as swimming and sweating are often to blame for the fungus to appear due to moisture build-up. In extreme cases, nail fungus can be very painful and affect the ability to move hands or feet. Read the steps below to learn how to treat nail fungus at home or seek medical treatment.
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