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This article was co-written by Mandpin S. Ziadie, MD. Dr. Ziadie is a licensed South Florida pathologist specializing in pathology and clinical practice. She earned her medical degree from the University of Miami School of Medicine in 2004 and completed her study in Pediatric Pathology at Children’s Medical Center in 2010.
This article has been viewed 31,996 times.
Knowing your blood type is important, especially if you are a blood transfusion recipient or are trying to get pregnant. The ABO blood group system classifies different blood types with the letters A, B, AB, and O. Your blood also has Rhesus or Rh factor, which can be positive or negative. You inherited your blood type and Rh factor from your parents. [1] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source To determine Rh factor, learn about your parents’ Rh factor for more information. You can also have a blood test done at the clinic.
Steps
Using Available Information to Determine Rh . Factor
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Understand what determines your Rh factor. In your red blood cells, the Rh factor is a protein that you may or may not have inherited from your parents. You are Rh positive if you have this protein. If you do not have this protein, you are Rh negative. [2] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
- People with Rh factor have a positive blood type such as A+, B+, AB+, or O+. People without the Rh factor have a negative blood type, for example A-, B-, AB-, or O-.
- Most people have the Rh factor in their blood. [3] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
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Check your health chart. If possible, check your blood for the Rh factor. Ask your doctor if they have your blood type information on file. If you often receive blood transfusions, your blood type is probably recorded. Same goes if you go to donate blood.
- If you have a positive Rh factor in your blood, you can receive either Rh+ or Rh- blood type with a blood transfusion. And if you have Rh- blood type, you can only receive Rh- blood type [4] X Research source (except for emergencies that can be life-threatening, you need to receive Rh+ blood group) .
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Find out about your parents’ Rh factor. Ask your parents about their blood type. You can determine your Rh blood group by analyzing the blood type of your parents. [5] X Research Sources If both your parents have Rh- blood type, you will most likely have Rh- blood type (except for a few exceptions below). If your mother is Rh negative and your father is Rh positive (or vice versa), you can have either Rh positive or negative blood. In this case, you will need more specific testing by a doctor at a laboratory or hematology center. It’s also important to note that even if your parents are Rh+, you can still be Rh-. [6] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
- Since each person with a positive blood type can possess both Rh positive genes (Rh+/Rh+) or one Rh positive gene and one Rh negative gene (Rh+/Rh-), there are cases where both parents have The blood group is positive but the child has a negative blood group. [7] X Research Sources
Take a Blood Type Test
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Ask your doctor about getting a blood type test. If your parents have different Rh blood types (or your parents are both positive and you want to be sure you have a positive blood type), you can recommend a blood type test. The blood draw procedure is quite quick and painless. You can go home right after that.
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Do a blood test. The doctor or nurse will clean the inside of your elbow or wrist with an antiseptic bandage. The nurse will determine the vein that is easiest to draw blood from in this area. After tying a tourniquet in your upper arm to trap the blood, the nurse will insert a needle into your vein. The needle usually connects to the cylinder, the part that draws your blood out. Once the required amount of blood has been drawn, the nurse will remove the needle and gently press the injected area with sterile cotton. You will then be bandaged up. [8] X Trusted Source National Health Service (UK) Go to Source Next, a nurse will mark your sample and send it to a lab for testing.
- Doctors often take a blood sample from children on the back of their hand. [9] X Trusted Source National Health Service (UK) Go to Source
- If you feel you are about to faint, tell the nurse. They will help you lie down. [10] X Trusted Source National Health Service (UK) Go to Source
- You may feel pain, throbbing, or mild pain when the nurse inserts the needle. After the blood is drawn, you may experience bruising in the area where the needle was inserted. This pain usually does not last long. [11] X Research Source
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Check the blood sample. At the lab, a technician will check your blood sample for the Rh factor. They will match your blood sample with anti-Ph serum. If your cells clot, you have Rh+ blood type. Conversely, if your cells don’t clot, you have Rh- blood type. [12] X Research Source
- The lab may also test your blood type for the ABO system during this process.
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Recognize the importance of results. Keep your blood type information in a safe place and share it with those on your emergency contact list. You will need this information if you need a blood transfusion or an organ transplant. Plus, if you’re planning to get pregnant, it’s important to know your Rh blood type.
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Take precautions during pregnancy. If you are a woman and have Rh- blood type, your partner needs to have an Rh factor test. If you have Rh- blood type and he has Rh+ blood type, you may experience Rh factor incompatibility. This means that if your child inherits the Rh+ blood type from the father, your antibodies can attack the baby’s red blood cells. This leads to severe and life-threatening anemia. [13] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
- During pregnancy, if you have Rh- blood type, you need to have your blood tested to see if your body has produced antibodies against Rh+ blood type. The first screening is during the first 3 months of pregnancy and the second will take place at the 28th week of pregnancy. If antibodies do not appear, you will be given an injection of Rh immune serum. This shot will stop your body from making dangerous antibodies against your baby. [14] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
- If your body produces antibodies against Rh+ blood type, you cannot inject Rh immune serum. Instead, your doctor will closely monitor your child’s development. Before or after birth, the baby will receive a blood transfusion. [15] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
- Once the baby is born, the doctor can check the baby’s Rh blood type. If your child has the same Rh blood type as you, you do not need to continue treatment. If you are Rh- but your child is Rh+, you will need another dose of Rh immune serum. [16] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
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This article was co-written by Mandpin S. Ziadie, MD. Dr. Ziadie is a licensed South Florida pathologist specializing in pathology and clinical practice. She earned her medical degree from the University of Miami School of Medicine in 2004 and completed her study in Pediatric Pathology at Children’s Medical Center in 2010.
This article has been viewed 31,996 times.
Knowing your blood type is important, especially if you are a blood transfusion recipient or are trying to get pregnant. The ABO blood group system classifies different blood types with the letters A, B, AB, and O. Your blood also has Rhesus or Rh factor, which can be positive or negative. You inherited your blood type and Rh factor from your parents. [1] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source To determine Rh factor, learn about your parents’ Rh factor for more information. You can also have a blood test done at the clinic.
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