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This article was co-written by Lauren Kurtz. Lauren Kurtz is an expert in nature and horticulture. Lauren has worked for Aurora, Cporado, managing the Water-Wise Garden at Aurora City Center for the Department of Water Conservation. She earned her bachelor’s degree in Environmental and Sustainability Studies from Western Michigan University in 2014.
There are 14 references cited in this article that you can view at the bottom of the page.
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Cucumbers are difficult plants to grow in pots, as they require a lot of growing space. However, you can still grow it by choosing a shrub cucumber instead of a climbing plant, or building a trellis or stake for the plant to climb. Use nutrient-rich, well-draining soil that retains moisture throughout the growing season so that cucumber plants can thrive in pots.
Steps
Prepare potted plants
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Choose a shrub-like cucumber variety to grow in a pot. In general, shrub varieties are easier to grow in pots, as climbing plants need a trellis to climb and grow. You will have a much better chance of success if you choose the right variety to grow in a pot. [1] X Research Source
- Potted cucumber varieties include Salad Bush Hybrid, Bush Champion, Spacemaster, Hybrid Bush Crop, Baby Bush, Bush Pickle, and Potluck.
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Choose a pot with a diameter of 25 cm. The cucumber pot should be at least 25 cm in diameter and about the same depth. If you want to grow many plants in the same pot, you need a pot with a diameter of at least 50 cm and a capacity of 20 liters. [2] X Research Source
- If you place the pot outdoors, you should choose a larger pot. Large pots will hold moisture more effectively. [3] X Research Sources
- You can even use square planters if you plan to build a trellis for climbing plants.
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Punch a hole if there is no hole in the bottom of the pot. While cucumbers are water-loving plants, standing water can damage the roots, so look for a pot with a drainage hole, if you have one. You just need to turn the pot over to see if there is a hole in the bottom. [4] X Research Sources
- If the pot does not have a drainage hole, use a drill to drill holes in the bottom of the pot. Choose a concrete drill bit for soft terracotta pots or a tile and glass drill bit for glazed pots. You need to use a 6.4 mm – 12.7 mm drill bit.
- Apply masking tape to the bottom of the pot, where the hole is intended to be drilled. This type of tape will help keep the drill steady. Gently press the drill bit onto the tape and turn on the drill at low speed. Gently, slowly, and evenly press the tape until the drill penetrates the perineum. Drill at least one more hole.
- You can break the pot if you try to press the drill too hard or drill at high speed. [5] X Research Sources
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Wash the potted plant thoroughly with hot water and soap. Potted plants can harbor bacteria that cause plant rot. If you use a pot that used to grow other plants, there may be insect eggs in the pot, which will hatch and attack your cucumber plant.
- Scrub the potted plant with a rag or sponge and soapy water. Rinse several times to make sure the soap is clean.
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Prepare stakes. Cucumber varieties need a trellis or stake to grow. Support stakes are also good for unsupported shrub cucumbers. To make your own poles, find 3 long sticks or bamboo poles, tie the three stakes together at the top end, and the bottom end opens up to form a tent.
- You can buy tent-shaped metal stakes at garden supply stores.
- The stakes will encourage the cucumber plant to climb in the first place.
- Put the stakes in the pot, the stakes spread out. The stakes should touch the bottom of the pot. These stakes must be able to stand on their own without additional support. If you find them wobbling, you need to adjust the balance.
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Pour a well-draining soil mixture into the pot. If you want to mix your own soil, try mixing 1 part sand, 1 part compost and 1 part peat moss or coir. Otherwise, you can choose a pre-mixed potting soil for growing vegetables. [6] X Research Sources
- Fill the pot with soil, carefully patting the soil around the stakes. However, you should not compress too tightly, because cucumber roots only grow well in loose soil. Pour the soil so that the ground is about 2.5 cm from the pot’s mouth.
- Check poles. Try shaking the stakes in the pot. If you see the stakes move a lot, you need to compress more soil into the pot to hold the stakes firmly.
- Find potting mixes and potting ingredients at the gardening store.
- Do not use garden soil, as garden soil can be contaminated with bacteria and pests.
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Replenish nutrients in the soil by applying high-quality fertilizers. Use a slow-release 5-10-5 or 14-14-14 fertilizer. Since fertilizers come in many types and brands, you need to mix the fertilizer into the soil according to the proportions indicated on the product label. [7] X Research Sources
- You can also buy soil with a pre-mixed fertilizer.
- The numbers on the fertilizer bag correspond to the percentages of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the fertilizer. Each element provides nutrients to a part of the plant.
- Fertilizer 5-10-5 provides cucumber plants with a low dose, focusing on increasing production efficiency. In contrast, a 14-14-14 fertilizer helps plants grow in a healthy balance, and you can apply a slightly higher concentration.
- You can also choose environmentally safe organic fertilizers.
Growing cucumbers from seeds and seedlings
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Sow seeds when the weather warms up to 21 degrees Celsius. Cucumbers need to be grown in soil that is at least 21 degrees Celsius. In many regions, you can start planting in July and wait until September. is harvestable. If you live in a warm area, you can start earlier. Wait for the last frost at least 2 weeks before sowing the seeds. [8] X Research Sources
- If you grow cucumbers indoors, you can start sowing seeds at any time.
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Poke a hole about 1 inch wide in the center of the pot. The seeding hole should be as wide as it is deep. You can use your little finger or the round end of a pencil to poke holes. [9] X Research Source
- If growing cucumbers in a larger pot, you should poke holes evenly spaced around the edge of a circular pot or in a straight line in a rectangular pot, depending on the size and shape of the pot.
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Sow 5-8 seeds into a hole about 1 cm deep. You should sow more than the number of plants you intend to plant to increase the likelihood of success. Sowing a lot of seeds can also mean you have to remove the plants as they sprout, but often you will only have as many plants as you want. [10] X Research Source
- Young cucumber plants have little tolerance for being handled or pulled out of the pot. You should choose seedlings that are grown in organic pots such as coir or peat so that you can plant the whole pot into the soil without having to hold the seedlings too much. The roots will grow through the organic pot.
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Fill the sowing hole with soil. Spread the soil over the seed that has just been sown. Do not compact the soil to avoid damaging the seeds. You can pat the ground lightly when you have finished sowing the seeds.
- If you’re using a seedling, cover the area around the plant with soil and pat it down.
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Use an old plastic water bottle to make a loop. If it’s still cold outside, you can protect the plants by making loops for each tree. Cut off the top and bottom of large plastic bottles, wash them thoroughly with soap and hot water, then cover each germinating plant. Remember to press each snap ring into the ground so it doesn’t get blown away by the wind. [11] X Research Source
- These rings will keep the plants warm and block the wind, and also help fight some pests.
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Water the seeds or seedlings directly after planting. The soil needs to be completely moist after watering. However, do not over-water, as puddles can cause scattered seeds to be scattered elsewhere.
- Use a light spray to avoid disturbing the seeds.
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Spread peat moss or straw on the ground after watering. Spread a thin layer of mulch or peat moss over the seeds or seedlings and the ground. Mulch will keep the soil from drying out too quickly, giving seeds and seedlings a chance to grow.
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Place the potted plant in a location that receives at least 6 hours of sunlight a day. Cucumbers grow well in warm conditions, and the sun will help warm the soil. If you place the plant in a place where the sun lasts more than 6 hours a day, even better. [12] X Research Source
- If growing cucumbers indoors, you need to place the pot in a sunny room so that the plant receives a lot of light. If there is no corner of the room with sunlight in the room, you should buy a lamp to replace it. Install lights above the tree and leave the lights on for at least 6 hours a day.
- You can place the potted plant next to the wall or fence to limit wind damage. Light winds are fine, but strong winds can damage trees.
Caring for cucumber plants
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Remove the plants when the seedlings have 2 clusters of true leaves. Select the two tallest seedlings of each cluster to keep and cut the remaining plants close to the ground. Do not uproot plants that need to be removed, as this will disturb the soil and may damage the retained seedlings. [13] X Research Source
- Use scissors or pruning shears to cut off excess plants close to the ground.
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Prune so that there is only 1 plant left in each sowing hole when the plant reaches a height of 20-25 cm. Examine each cluster of plants and choose the tallest, most leafy and healthiest looking plant. Cut all remaining plants close to the ground.
- You should now have one potted plant per cluster. If it’s a small pot, this also means you only have one plant left in the pot.
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Water daily. When the ground seems dry, it’s time to water it again. Water the mature plant with enough water to allow excess water to drain through the drainage holes in the bottom of the pot. You should never let the soil dry out, because dry soil will hinder the growth of the plant and make the cucumber bitter. [14] X Research Source
- Stick your finger in the soil to check. If the soil is dry, it means it’s time to water.
- Lift the pot to estimate the weight. The heavier the pot, the more water will be absorbed by the soil. You should check several times a day to see how heavy the pot is when watering.
- Spread mulch around the plants to help retain water.
- If you live in a particularly hot and dry climate, you may need to water your plants twice a day. [15] X Research Source
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Add a balanced fertilizer once a week. Water well before fertilizing. Many problems can arise if you fertilize when the plants are dry. You need to use a water-soluble fertilizer and apply the correct dosage as directed on the package. Fertilizer application will vary by type and brand, so you need to read the product’s label. [16] X Research Source
- Choose a 5-10-5 or 14-14-14 fertilizer.
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Kill the pests with neem oil or other organic insecticides. Aphids, red spider mites and melon beetles are all pests that attack cucumber plants. You can make your own organic insecticide using neem oil:
- Mix 240-350 ml of water with a few drops of dishwashing liquid and 10-20 drops of neem oil to make an insecticide spray. [17] X Research Source
- With pests like melon beetles, you can probably just put on Vaseline gloves and put them in a bucket of water mixed with a few drops of dishwashing liquid.
- You can also use a vacuum cleaner designed to suck up insects on plants. [18] X Research Sources
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Use anti-mold sprays to treat fungal diseases. Wilt caused by mildew and bacteria is quite common. There are many antifungal products that will help you with downy mildew, but bacterial diseases are more difficult to treat. In fact, if a cucumber plant has a bacterial wilt disease—possibly infected by a melon beetle—it’s very likely to die. Signs of a fungal infection are white powdery substances on the leaves. [19] X Research Source
- Bacterial wilt will begin with leaf wilting during the day and recover at night. Eventually the leaves will yellow and die.
- To make an anti-mold spray, you can mix 1 tablespoon (15 ml) of baking soda with 4 quarts of water. Add a few drops of dishwashing liquid and shake well. Spray the plant once a week if you notice white powdery mildew on the leaves. [20] X Research Source
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Harvest cucumbers about 55 days after planting. Older cucumbers will be more bitter, so you should harvest them when they are young. Cut the top of the cucumber about 1 cm. If the melon has turned yellow, it is probably too old and inedible. [21] X Research Source
- With most cucumber varieties, you can harvest 55-70 days after planting.
Advice
- If you want to grow cucumbers earlier, start growing them in organic pots and place them indoors first, then take them outdoors when the weather gets warmer.
- Cucumbers require a lot of water, so you need to keep them moist throughout the growing season. [22] X Research Source
Warning
- Be careful with any pesticides you spray on your cucumber plants. Many chemical pesticides can be toxic when ingested, and chances are that you or someone else ingests cucumbers from the plants you grow. Always wash cucumbers before eating to remove dirt, bacteria, and residual chemicals.
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This article was co-written by Lauren Kurtz. Lauren Kurtz is an expert in nature and horticulture. Lauren has worked for Aurora, Cporado, managing the Water-Wise Garden at Aurora City Center for the Department of Water Conservation. She earned her bachelor’s degree in Environmental and Sustainability Studies from Western Michigan University in 2014.
There are 14 references cited in this article that you can view at the bottom of the page.
This post has been viewed 9,145 times.
Cucumbers are difficult plants to grow in pots, as they require a lot of growing space. However, you can still grow it by choosing a shrub cucumber instead of a climbing plant, or building a trellis or stake for the plant to climb. Use nutrient-rich, well-draining soil that retains moisture throughout the growing season so that cucumber plants can thrive in pots.
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