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This article was co-written by Laura Marusinec, MD. Marusinec is a licensed pediatrician at Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin, and she is a member of the Clinical Practice Council. She received her PhD from the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine in 1995 and completed her residency at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine with a major in Pediatrics in 1998. She is a member of the American Medical Writers Association and the American Medical Writers Association. Children’s Emergency Care Association.
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Thrush is caused by a fungus called candida. The medical name of this disease is candida thrush. Candida is the body’s natural organism, but when it’s out of balance, it allows fungal cells to grow. Candidiasis causes a white mucus coating on the tongue and inside of the cheeks. These plaques can spread to other parts of the body such as the throat, gums, oral cavity, and even the esophagus. When you have thrush, you need medical treatment or self-treatment at home.
Steps
Treat thrush with prescription medication
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Find out what causes thrush. This disease is caused by an overgrowth of the fungus candida. Candida is a naturally occurring organism in the body. [1] X Trusted Source Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to source
- Candidiasis is commonly found in the gastrointestinal tract, including the mouth. Normally, candida also lives on the skin. [2] X Trusted Source Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to source
- Thrush forms when candida cells meet a preferred nutrient source and overgrow. [3] X Trusted Source Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to source
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Recognize symptoms. A common symptom of thrush is white patches on the tongue and other parts of the mouth. [4] X Trusted Source Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to source
- Some other symptoms include inflammation and redness inside the mouth, accompanied by soreness. These symptoms can cause a sore throat, difficulty swallowing, and loss of taste. [5] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
- Some areas may bleed slightly if scratched. [6] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
- Thrush also causes the corners of the mouth to become cracked, itchy, and painful. [7] X Trusted Source Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to source
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See your doctor for a diagnosis. You need to understand the risks if you don’t treat thrush. Candidiasis, if left untreated, can cause serious health problems. [8] X Trusted Source Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to source
- Candida is a common fungus present on the skin and intestines and does not cause serious health problems. [9] X Trusted Source Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to source
- However, when they overgrow, you need to treat them promptly before the fungus spreads to other areas and enters the circulatory system. A systemic infection caused by candida is called invasive candidiasis. [10] X Trusted Source Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to source
- Recognize the severity of invasive candidiasis. This type of infection that occurs when the candida fungus enters the circulatory system is called candidaemia. [11] X Trusted Source Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to source
- It is a very serious disease and can affect the blood, heart, brain, eyes, bones and other parts of the body. [12] X Trusted Source Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to source
- People with weakened immune systems are at increased risk for invasive candidiasis. If this happens, the patient must be hospitalized, pay the costs incurred, and in some cases can have serious consequences. [13] X Trusted Source Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to source
- Invasive candidiasis is a serious infection that requires hospitalization or medical care for other reasons. [14] X Trusted Source Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to source
- Go to the doctor in time. You need to seek medical help and take medication to effectively overcome the symptoms of candidiasis. [15] X Trusted Source Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to source
- This is the most effective method to prevent invasive candidiasis and candidiasis. [16] X Trusted Source Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to source
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See your doctor for symptom evaluation even if you are healthy. Thrush rarely occurs in children, adolescents, and otherwise healthy adults. However, anyone can get this disease and can be cured easily. [17] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
- This phenomenon is thought to be unusual in healthy people, so the disease could be caused by another underlying cause. [18] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
- In addition, some diseases can have candida-like manifestations, such as oral cancer. That’s why you need to see a doctor if you’ve never had thrush before or if it doesn’t go away with treatment.
- Thrush needs to be examined by a doctor to determine an effective treatment as well as to ensure the patient’s overall immune system is not compromised. [19] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
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Take antifungal medication. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, thrush, or candida that grows in the mouth or throat, needs to be treated with medication for maximum effectiveness. [20] X Trusted Source Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to source
- The type and length of treatment depends on your age, general health, medications you are taking, and your immune system. [21] X Trusted Source Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to source
- You need to take the right amount of medicine to prevent candida from returning.
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Use topical medications prescribed by your doctor. Treatment for candidiasis is usually topical medication, especially in infants and young children. [22] X Research Source
- A medicated solution such as nystatin is usually applied by applying a cotton swab to the infected area. Nystatin has therapeutic effects, is safe and can be swallowed. [23] X Research Sources
- In addition to liquid products, antifungal creams, ointments, and pills can be taken in lozenges. [24] X Research Source
- Use a dissolving product. Some medicines are made with dissolving properties, called lozenges, which are taken by mouth until dissolved. [25] X Research Sources
- This treatment allows the drug to come into direct contact with the infected surface. [26] X Research Sources
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Take medicine prescribed by your doctor. In some cases, you may be prescribed a pill, capsule, or liquid and take it by mouth. [27] X Research Source
- Antifungal drugs enter the circulatory system like antibiotics. [28] X Research Sources
- Some medications used to treat thrush include fluconazpe, nystatin, itraconazpe, clotrimazpe, ketoconazpe, posacanazpe, and miconazpe. [29] X Research Sources
- This class of drugs can affect other medications, so talk to your doctor about all the medications you’re taking and your condition. They can cause side effects, so you need to see a doctor if you develop other symptoms while taking the medicine.
Treatment of patients with frequent thrush
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Use caution when breastfeeding. Newborns with thrush often have white patches and infections in their mouths. Babies often have difficulty in sucking milk, and often move uncomfortably. [30] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
- Newborns can pass the fungus to the mother, and the infection continues until the disease is effectively treated. [31] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
- The mother’s breasts may become unusually sensitive and red, and the nipples may become cracked and itchy. The dark skin around the nipple, called the areola, can be shiny and scaly. [32] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
- The mother may have pain while breastfeeding or pain in the nipple between feeds. The uncomfortable feeling is like being stabbed deep in the breast. [33] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
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Treat yourself and your baby. Talk to your baby’s doctor if your baby has diaper rash, as candida can cause it and your child needs other treatment. If the doctor determines this is a mild case, they only recommend applying proper hygiene measures and monitoring the infected area of both for a few days. [34] X Research Source
- Treatment for infants. If treatment is needed, doctors will usually prescribe medications that are simple and safe to use. [35] X Research Source
- In many cases, your doctor may prescribe an antifungal medication called nystatin suspension. This is a liquid medicine to be used directly inside the child’s mouth and related areas.
- The drug is usually recommended for use several times a day for a period of one week. [36] X Research Source
- Treatment of the mother. In order for the mother to continue to breastfeed and to completely prevent the infection from continuing, the doctor will prescribe the same or similar medicine.
- Apply an antifungal cream or ointment to the infected area of the nipple on the breast. The drug is recommended to be used several times a day for a period of one week until both mother and baby are symptom-free. [37] X Research Source
- You might consider using disposable nursing pads to prevent the fungus from spreading to your clothes. [38] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
- Talk to your doctor about cleaning or boiling items such as bottles and pacifiers, pacifiers, and any removable parts of your breast pump to reduce the risk of fungal re-occurrence.
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Identify the risk of disease in others. People with diabetes, taking inhaled corticosteroids, taking certain antibiotics, and wearing dentures, are more likely to experience thrush than healthy people. [39] X Trusted Source Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to source
- Some people with serious illnesses including weakened immune systems also often get candidiasis. [40] X Trusted Source Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to source
- These groups include patients with HIV or AIDS, undergoing cancer treatment, and patients who have undergone organ transplant surgery. [41] X Trusted Source Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to source
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Seek medical help immediately if you have health problems. See your doctor as soon as possible to be evaluated and treated for thrush. [42] X Trusted Source Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to source
- The doctor will prescribe the right medicine for the health condition and the medicine that the patient with thrush is taking. [43] X Trusted Source Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to source
- People who are older, have asthma or COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), and have weakened immune systems need quick intervention to stop candida from entering the bloodstream.
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Start taking prescription medication. If the patient is in a risk group, it will be more difficult to treat because they may be taking many drugs that have the ability to affect antifungal drugs.
- Doctors know how to combine antifungal drugs with existing medications to cure thrush quickly and effectively. [44] X Trusted Source Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to source
- In some cases, patients need to be treated intravenously and hospitalized. [45] X Trusted Source Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to source
Apply natural treatments
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Talk to your doctor about natural or herbal treatments. A scientific study has found evidence of the effectiveness of natural and herbal products in the treatment of thrush. Unfortunately, researchers have yet to prove that this claim is true. [46] X Trusted Source PubMed Central Go to Source
- This is not to say that natural and herbal products don’t work. The results of the study indicate that more research is needed and some appropriate scientific research methods are applied to find out the effectiveness of these treatments. [47] X Trusted Source PubMed Central Go to Source
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Gargle with warm salt water. When you have thrush, you can use warm salt water to gargle to improve the condition. [48] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
- Consult your dentist or doctor about warm salt water to make sure it is effective. [49] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
- To make warm brine, dissolve ½ teaspoon of salt in 1 cup of warm water.
- Gargle with the solution thoroughly. Remember to spit out the salt water and not drink it. Repeat several times a day. [50] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
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Use probiotics. Scientific research has shown that probiotics containing lactobacilli have the ability to control the growth rate of candida in some cases. [51] X Trusted Source PubMed Central Go to Source
- The researchers recommend doing more research in this area, but some early work in the context of managed research holds promise. [52] X Trusted Source PubMed Central Go to source
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Use lactobacillus acidophilus. Scientific documents show that this bacteria has the ability to treat thrush. However, these products are not fully regulated and the right dosage has not been precisely determined. [53] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
- Talk to your doctor about specific products or sources recommended by your doctor to treat thrush in this way. [54] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
- It is difficult to find yogurts containing live lactobacilli bacteria. Currently, all types of yogurt must be pasteurized to remove active microorganisms.
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Use gentian violet. If you choose this herb, you need to consult your doctor first before you start using it. Currently, there are many products that are safer and easier to use, so the method of using gentian potassium permanganate is not appropriate.
- Gentian potassium permanganate is effective in treating fungal infections, including candidiasis, but this product is difficult to use. Do not swallow the product and the patient may get purple pigment on the skin and clothing. [55] X Trusted Source PubMed Central Go to Source
- Gentian potassium permanganate has the side effect of causing redness and irritation in the infected area. Do not swallow this medicine. In addition, the patient may experience diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. If gentian violet is accidentally swallowed, you should contact a poison control center. [56] X Research Sources
- A study has shown that the application of gentian potassium permanganate at a rate of 0.00165% applied to an infected surface is effective in treating thrush and does not stain the area. [57] X Trusted Source PubMed Central Go to Source
Preventing candidiasis from recurring
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Clean oral hygiene. Visit your dentist regularly, and follow your dentist or doctor’s recommendations. [58] X Trusted Source Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to source
- Some tips for preventing thrush are brushing your teeth at least twice a day, cleaning between your teeth once a day, and not sharing toothbrushes. [59] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
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Consider changing to an easy-to-handle toothbrush. Some people feel that a regular toothbrush does not reach every nook and cranny of the mouth. [60] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
- Consult your dentist about switching to electric toothbrushes if they help you clean your teeth more effectively. [61] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
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Change the brush regularly. If you’ve just had thrush, you’ll need to change your toothbrush a few times. [62] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
- Use a new brush and discard the old ones until the thrush has been completely treated and the new brush is free of bacteria. [63] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
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Avoid using mouthwash. Some oral hygiene solutions can affect the balance in the mouth and facilitate the proliferation of candida. [64] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
- Talk to your dentist to be sure. Many dentists recommend using oral hygiene solutions. [65] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
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Note the diet. Sugary foods, as well as foods and drinks containing yeast, often promote candida overgrowth.
- Limit the use of this group of foods and drinks, and always brush your teeth after meals. [66] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
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Clean dentures daily. People who wear dentures are often at a higher risk of developing thrush. [67] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
- Your dentist can recommend certain products and devices to clean your dentures if you are using them. [68] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
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Check your blood sugar regularly if you have diabetes. By maintaining control of your blood sugar levels, you can limit excess sugar in your saliva. [69] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
- This measure helps you control the source of sweet foods in your mouth that create conditions for candida to grow. [70] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
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Use a prescription mouthwash if you are being treated for cancer. Research has shown that it reduces the risk of candida infections in people undergoing cancer treatment. [71] X Trusted Source Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to source
- The most commonly prescribed mouthwash contains a 0.12% solution of chlorhexidine gluconate. [72] X Trusted Source Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to source
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Gargle after using a corticosteroid inhaler. Some people with lung conditions such as asthma and COPD often take inhaled corticosteroids. [73] X Trusted Source Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to the source You can use a spacer that attaches to your inhaler to reduce the risk of thrush from using corticosteroid inhalers. Both children and adults should use this pad. In addition, they also help the drug penetrate deeper into the lungs instead of only working in the throat.
- People using this product can reduce their risk of thrush by rinsing their mouth with water or a dental hygiene solution prescribed by their doctor after each inhaler. [74] X Trusted Source Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to source
Advice
- Thrush is an infection of the mouth caused by an overgrowth of the fungus candida.
- Vaginal yeast infections are also caused by an overgrowth of fungi, but thrush does not usually occur at the same time as a vaginal yeast infection.
- Vaginal yeast infections should be treated promptly and thoroughly, especially if you are pregnant. [75] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to the source Timely treatment of vaginal yeast infections helps to balance the natural candida fungus in the body.
- Products available over the counter can effectively treat vaginal yeast infections. You need to see a doctor to diagnose your symptoms and determine the type of infection.
- Men can get yeast infections when they have sex with women who have vaginal candidiasis. At that time, both men and women can use antifungal products that are available at the pharmacy. Consult your doctor for treatment advice.
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This article was co-written by Laura Marusinec, MD. Marusinec is a licensed pediatrician at Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin, and she is a member of the Clinical Practice Council. She received her PhD from the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine in 1995 and completed her residency at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine with a major in Pediatrics in 1998. She is a member of the American Medical Writers Association and the American Medical Writers Association. Children’s Emergency Care Association.
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Thrush is caused by a fungus called candida. The medical name of this disease is candida thrush. Candida is the body’s natural organism, but when it’s out of balance, it allows fungal cells to grow. Candidiasis causes a white mucus coating on the tongue and inside of the cheeks. These plaques can spread to other parts of the body such as the throat, gums, oral cavity, and even the esophagus. When you have thrush, you need medical treatment or self-treatment at home.
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