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Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the amount of blood filtered through the kidneys per minute. A glomerular filtration rate that is too low is a sign that the kidneys are not working well and that toxins will build up in the body. Depending on the individual case, you can usually increase your glomerular filtration rate by making changes to your diet and lifestyle; however, medications and other medical treatments may be necessary for some people with particularly low glomerular filtration rate.
Steps
Before starting: determine glomerular filtration rate
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Go get tested. Your doctor can measure your glomerular filtration rate by conducting a blood creatinine test. Creatinine is a waste product present in the blood. Too much creatinine in the blood sample indicates that the filtering capacity of the kidneys is too low. [1] X Research Source
- In addition, the doctor may also order a creatinine clearance test, which measures the amount of creatinine in the blood and urine.
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Understanding metrics. Test results are only one factor in measuring glomerular filtration rate. Your doctor will also consider other factors such as age, race, body size, and sex when calculating true glomerular filtration rate.
- A glomerular filtration rate of 90 ml/min/1.73m 2 or higher: your kidneys are considered healthy. [2] X Research Sources[3] X Trusted Source MedlinePlus Go to Source
- Glomerular filtration rate between 60 and 89 ml/min/1.73m 2 : you are in stage 2 of chronic kidney disease (CKD). A glomerular filtration rate of 30 to 59 ml/min/1.73m 2 : you are in stage 3 of chronic kidney disease, and a level between 15 and 29 ml/min/1.73m 2 is considered stage 4 of kidney disease chronic.
- When the glomerular filtration rate falls below 15 ml/min/1.73m 2 , you are in stage 5 of chronic kidney disease, which means kidney failure.
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Talk to your doctor. Your doctor can provide more detailed information about your glomerular filtration rate and its effects. If the readings are lower than normal, your doctor may prescribe treatment, but specific medications will vary from patient to patient.
- You need to make some changes to your diet and lifestyle, no matter what stage of chronic kidney disease you are in. In the early stages, these changes may be sufficient to improve glomerular filtration rate. This is even more true if you have not had kidney problems before.
- In the late stages of chronic kidney disease, your doctor will often prescribe medication to help improve kidney function. Medication use should be accompanied by some lifestyle changes and should not be considered an alternative treatment.
- In the late stages of chronic kidney disease, your doctor will most likely recommend dialysis or recommend a kidney transplant.
Diet and lifestyle changes
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Eat more vegetables and less meat. High creatinine and low glomerular filtration rate go hand in hand; When one problem occurs, it often leads to another. Animal foods contain creatine and creatinine, so you may need to limit your intake of animal-based protein. [4] X Research Sources
- In contrast, plant-based foods do not contain creatine or creatinine. A diet rich in vegetables may also help reduce other risk factors for chronic kidney disease, including diabetes and high blood pressure.
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Give up smoking. Smoking increases the amount of toxins in the body, and these toxins will have to be filtered through the kidneys. Breaking this harmful habit will help reduce the burden on the kidneys and improve the kidneys’ ability to filter waste.
- Furthermore, smoking causes or worsens high blood pressure. High blood pressure is associated with chronic kidney disease, so maintaining healthy blood pressure can further improve glomerular filtration rate.
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Follow a low-salt diet. Damaged kidneys have a hard time filtering sodium, so a high-salt diet can worsen the condition and lead to poorer glomerular filtration. [5] X Research Sources
- Eliminate foods that are high in salt from your diet and choose foods that are low in salt. Try seasoning with herbs and other seasonings instead of relying on salt alone.
- You should also cook your own meals from fresh ingredients and limit canned foods. Foods cooked with fresh ingredients often contain less salt, as many canned foods use salt as a preservative. [6] X Trusted Source University of California San Francisco Health Center Go to Source
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Reduce the amount of potassium and phosphorus in the body. Potassium and phosphorus are both other minerals that make it difficult for the kidneys to filter, especially when the kidneys are weakened or damaged. Stay away from foods that contain these two minerals in high amounts and don’t take any supplements containing potassium and phosphorus.
- Potassium-rich foods include: winter squash, sweet potatoes, potatoes, white beans, yogurt, halibut, orange juice, broccoli, cantaloupe, bananas, pork, lentils, milk, salmon, berries pistachios, raisins, chicken and tuna. [7] X Research Sources
- Phosphorus-rich foods include: milk, yogurt, hard cheese, cottage cheese, ice cream, lentils, whole grains, dried beans, beans, nuts, nuts, sardines, pollock, water Coca-Cola and flavored drinks. [8] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
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Drink nettle tea. One or two cups (250 ml) of stinging nettle tea taken daily can help reduce the amount of creatinine in the body, thereby increasing the glomerular filtration rate.
- Check with your doctor first to be sure it’s safe for you to drink stinging nettle tea, based on your medical history.
- To make nettle tea, boil 2 fresh nettle leaves with at least 250 ml of water for about 10-20 minutes, then strain out the leaves and drink the tea while it is still hot.
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Exercise regularly. Cardio exercises especially work to improve blood circulation. The more blood is pumped around the body, the more efficiently toxins are filtered through the kidneys, and the glomerular filtration rate increases.
- Note that intense physical activity can increase the breakdown of creatine into creatinine, leading to an increased burden on the kidneys and even lower glomerular filtration rate.
- Your best bet is to exercise at a moderate intensity and regularly. For example, you can cycle or walk briskly 30 minutes a day, 3-5 days a week.
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Weight control. In most cases, a healthy diet and regular exercise will help control weight. You should avoid high-risk diets or fad diets unless recommended by your doctor or a renal dietitian.
- Maintaining a healthy weight makes it easier for blood to flow through the body, which in turn can help regulate blood pressure. As your blood circulates better, your kidneys’ ability to remove toxins and fluids also increases, and you’ll notice an improvement in your glomerular filtration rate.
Medical treatment
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Talk to a renal dietitian. In the late stages of kidney disease, your doctor can recommend a specialist who can create the most appropriate diet for your condition. This specialist is called a “kidney nutritionist.”
- Your renal dietitian will work with you to develop solutions that will help reduce stress on your kidneys and maintain a balance of fluids and minerals in your body.
- Most specialized diets are similar to those described in this article. For example, you may be instructed to reduce your sodium, potassium, phosphorus and protein intake.
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Identify potential causes. Most chronic kidney disease and low glomerular filtration rate are caused by underlying diseases or are affected by underlying diseases. In this case, you will have to get the disease under control before you can increase your glomerular filtration rate.
- High blood pressure and diabetes are the two most common causes.
- If you have trouble finding the cause of your kidney disease, your doctor may order additional tests to diagnose the disease, which may include a urinalysis, ultrasound, and a CT scan. In some cases, your doctor may recommend a biopsy, in which a sample of kidney tissue is taken and analyzed.
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Take kidney medication prescribed by your doctor. When kidney disease is caused by another disease or causes related problems, your doctor may prescribe medications to treat your overall health condition. [9] X Research Source
- High blood pressure is often associated with low glomerular filtration rate, so you may need to take blood pressure medication. Options include angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (captopril, enalapril, and others) or angiotensin receptor blockers (losartan, valsartan, and others). These drugs work to stabilize blood pressure and reduce protein levels in the urine, thereby helping the kidneys not to work too hard.
- In the later stages of the disease, the kidneys may not be able to produce an important hormone called “erythropoietin,” so your doctor may have to prescribe medication to treat the problem.
- You may also need to take vitamin D supplements or other medications to control your phosphorus levels, because it’s harder for your kidneys to filter phosphorus from your body.
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Talk to your doctor about other medications. All medications are filtered by the kidneys, so you should talk to your doctor about any medications you’re planning to take when your glomerular filtration rate is low. These drugs can be prescription or non-prescription.
- You may have to completely avoid nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and COX-II inhibitors. Common NSAIDs include ibuprofen and naproxen. A common COX-II inhibitor is celecoxib. Both of these classes of drugs are associated with an increased risk of kidney disease.
- You should also consult your doctor before trying any herbal remedies or alternative treatments. “Natural” therapies may not be right for you, and if you’re not careful, you can even lower your glomerular filtration rate.
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Check glomerular filtration rate periodically. Even if your glomerular filtration rate has been increased, you should continue to be tested for the rest of your life. This is even more important if you have ever had a lower-than-average glomerular filtration rate or if you are at high risk for kidney disease.
- Your glomerular filtration rate and kidney function will typically decrease with age, so your doctor will usually recommend continuing tests to monitor the decline. Your doctor may also have to adjust your medication or suggest that you adjust your diet based on changes in your glomerular filtration rate.
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Perform blood filtration. If your glomerular filtration rate is extremely low and your kidneys begin to fail, you will have dialysis to filter waste products and excess fluid from your body.
- Hemodialysis involves the use of a hemodialysis machine with a mechanical filter.
- Peritoneal dialysis filters and clears waste products from the blood through the peritoneum.
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Waiting for a kidney transplant. Kidney transplantation is another option for patients with advanced kidney disease and particularly low glomerular filtration rate. The kidney recipient must match the kidney donor. Usually, the donor is blood related to the recipient, but in many cases it can also be a stranger.
- However, not every case of late-stage kidney disease is eligible for a kidney transplant. This option may not be appropriate due to the age and medical history of the patient.
- After a kidney transplant, you still need to closely monitor your nutrition and overall kidney health to prevent your glomerular filtration rate from falling again.
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wikiHow is a “wiki” site, which means that many of the articles here are written by multiple authors. To create this article, 9 people, some of whom are anonymous, have edited and improved the article over time.
There are 9 references cited in this article that you can view at the bottom of the page.
This article has been viewed 22,134 times.
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the amount of blood filtered through the kidneys per minute. A glomerular filtration rate that is too low is a sign that the kidneys are not working well and that toxins will build up in the body. Depending on the individual case, you can usually increase your glomerular filtration rate by making changes to your diet and lifestyle; however, medications and other medical treatments may be necessary for some people with particularly low glomerular filtration rate.
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