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This article was co-written by Daniel Wozniczka, MD, MPH. Dr. Wozniczka is an internist in Chicago, with global healthcare experience in Sub-Saharan Africa, Eastern Europe and Southeast Asia. He completed his master’s degree at Jagiellonian University in 2014, and holds a Master of Business Administration and a Master’s in Public Health from the University of Illinois at Chicago.
This article has been viewed 23,586 times.
When you see someone choking, it’s important to know how to help. The Heimlich maneuver (abdominal compression) is an emergency technique that can save lives in seconds. This is a simple maneuver that helps dislodge food or foreign objects from the airway of a choking person by increasing pressure in the abdomen and chest to expel the foreign object. [1] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
Steps
Perform the Heimlich maneuver while the victim is standing
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Determine if the person is really choking. Choking victims often put their hands around their throats. If you see a person making this gesture, look for other signs that the person is choking. You should only perform the Heimlich maneuver on someone who is choking. Pay attention to the following signs of the victim: [2] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to source
- Inability to breathe or labored breathing and wheezing
- Can’t say
- Can’t cough normally
- Blue or gray lips and nails
- Fainting
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Let the victim know that you are about to undergo Heimlich therapy. Let the person who is choking know that you want to help them, say that you know how to do the Heimlich maneuver and are about to do it with them.
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Wrap your arms around the victim’s waist. Stand with your feet wide apart. Gently wrap both arms around the casualty’s waist, allowing them to lean forward slightly. [3] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
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Put your hands in position. Clenching one hand into a fist, any hand will do. Place the fist below the victim’s ribcage and above the victim’s navel, with the other hand encircling the fist.
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Do a series of abdominal presses. To expel the foreign body, press firmly and quickly on the diaphragm in an upward direction, as if you were trying to lift the victim off the ground. [4] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
- Press fast and hard.
- Perform a sequence of 5 quick presses. If the object has not been ejected, press 5 more times.
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Perform back patting. If the object has not been dislodged after the Heimlich maneuver, perform a back slap. Slap the victim’s back 5 times with the bottom of your hand. Aim for the area between the shoulder blades.
- Press down firmly if you need to use force to push the object out. [5] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to the source However, you need to keep the force in your hand, do not press on the victim’s ribs or abdomen.
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Call emergency services. You need to call 911 if you can’t get the object out. It is best to have someone call 911 after the Heimlich maneuver has not worked and you are doing another round of back patting. When paramedics arrive, they will have a way to remove the object. At this point, step aside. [6] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
Perform the Heimlich maneuver while the victim is lying down
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Have the victim lie on his or her back. Lay the casualty down if you are unable to wrap your arms around the casualty or if they fall. Gently guide the casualty to lie on their back and help them if necessary. [7] X Research Sources
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Kneel at victim’s hip level. Kneel and bend over the victim, at hip level. [8] X Research Sources
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Put your hands in position. Place one hand on top of the other. Place the lower part of the palm on the victim’s diaphragm. This is the area below the ribcage and above the navel. [9] X Research Source
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Press both hands on the victim’s diaphragm. Use your body weight to press your hands into the victim’s diaphragm with a slight upward motion. Repeat this movement until the object pops out of the victim’s throat. [10] X Research Source
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Call emergency services. Call 911 right away if you are unable to expel the object with the Heimlich maneuver. If you find someone choking and unable to help, you should seek medical attention to help remove the object. When emergency personnel arrive, answer their questions and let them help the victim.
Performing the Heimlich maneuver on an infant
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Hold the infant on his or her stomach. First, you need to find a solid plane. Lay the baby on his stomach on a flat surface, remembering to turn his head to the side to breathe. Kneel near the child’s feet. [11] X Research Source
- You can also lay your baby on his or her stomach on your lap.
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Pat the child on the back 5 times quickly. Use the bottom of the palm of your hand to pat the area between the baby’s shoulder blades 5 times quickly. Hopefully the object will pop out quickly. [12] X Research Source
- With babies, you need to pat firmly but not forcefully. You need to be careful not to press too hard because babies can be hurt if they are slapped hard. Gravity combined with the back-slapping motion will create enough force to knock the object out. [13] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
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Turn the child over. If the object has not dislodged, turn the child over. One hand supports the baby’s head, so that the baby’s head is slightly lower than the feet. [14] X Research Source
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Press the baby’s chest 5 times. Place your fingers on the bottom half of the child’s sternum. Remember to place your hand in the middle of the sternum, not to the side. Press down 5 times in a row. Stop chest compressions when the foreign body pops out. [15] X Research Source
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Call emergency services if the object is not expelled. Call 911 immediately if the object does not come out. While you wait, repeat back pats and chest compressions. With luck, the object may be ejected as you repeat these steps while waiting for emergency personnel to arrive. [16] X Research Source
Do the Heimlich maneuver yourself
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Squeeze your hands into fists. First, you should make one hand into a fist, any hand will do.
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Place the fist on the diaphragm. Place your fist on your stomach, the side with your thumb close to your stomach. Placement of hands is below the ribcage and above the navel. The other hand surrounds the fist.
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Press on the diaphragm. Press the diaphragm with both hands several times until the object pops out. Press quickly and upwards to try to expel the foreign body.
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Go see a doctor. You should see a doctor after you have saved yourself from choking. Your doctor will examine you to make sure there’s nothing wrong with you. You should call 911 or go to the emergency room if you choke and cannot get the object out.
Warning
- If you don’t know what to do, call 911. They can give you instructions on what to do to help the victim (turn on speakerphone to talk).
- Choking is a life-threatening condition. You need to act quickly if you see someone choking.
- Do not try to pat a choking victim if they are coughing! Coughing is a sign that the victim is only partially choking, and patting the back can completely block the airway as the object is pushed deeper. You just let the victim cough; When you see signs of choking, you should intervene.
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This article was co-written by Daniel Wozniczka, MD, MPH. Dr. Wozniczka is an internist in Chicago, with global healthcare experience in Sub-Saharan Africa, Eastern Europe and Southeast Asia. He completed his master’s degree at Jagiellonian University in 2014, and holds a Master of Business Administration and a Master’s in Public Health from the University of Illinois at Chicago.
This article has been viewed 23,586 times.
When you see someone choking, it’s important to know how to help. The Heimlich maneuver (abdominal compression) is an emergency technique that can save lives in seconds. This is a simple maneuver that helps dislodge food or foreign objects from the airway of a choking person by increasing pressure in the abdomen and chest to expel the foreign object. [1] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
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