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The Ping command allows you to test the connection speed between you and another network node. In this article, the wikiHow will show you how to use the Ping command on any operating system.
Steps
Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux
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Open a Command Prompt command-line interpreter or a Terminal emulator. Every operating system has a command line interface that allows you to run the Ping command. The Ping command works almost the same on all operating systems.
- If using Windows, open Command Prompt. Click the Start button and type cmd in the Search box. Windows 8 users can type “cmd” from the Start screen. Press the Enter key (Go) to start the Command Prompt.
- If using Mac OS X, open Terminal. Open the Applications folder and then the Utilities folder. Select Terminal.
- If using Linux, open a Telnet (Network Terminal)/Terminal window. They are usually located in the Accessories folder in the Applications folder.
- On Ubuntu, you can use the keyboard shortcut Ctrl + Alt + T to open the emulator.
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Enter the Ping command. Type ping the hostname or ping the IP address .
- The hostname is usually the address of the website. Replace the hostname with the website or server you want to ping. For example, to ping the wikiHow main server, type ping www.wikihow.com .
- An IP address is the location of a computer on a certain network, be it an internal network or the internet. If you know the IP address you want to ping, replace it with the IP address . For example, to ping the IP address 192.168.1.1 , type ping 192.168.1.1 .
- To manually ping your machine, type ping 127.0.0.1 .
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Press Enter to read the ping results. They will be displayed below the current command line. Refer to the section below for how to read these parameters.
Network Utility on Mac OS X
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Open Network Utility. Open the Applications folder and select Utilities. Find Network Utility.
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Click on the Ping tab. Specifies the hostname or IP address.
- The hostname is usually a website address. For example, to ping wikiHow’s main server, type www.wikihow.com into the box.
- An IP address is the location of a computer in a certain network, be it an intranet or the internet. For example, to ping the IP address 192.168.1.1 , type 192.168.1.1 in the box.
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Set the number of pings you want to send. Usually with only 4-6 pings, you can get a relatively good measurement. Click the Ping button when ready and the results will be displayed in the lower part of the window. [1] X Research Source
Read the parameters obtained from the ping command
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Read the first line. The first line indicates what command you are executing. It echoes the address you enter and shows how much data you send. Such as:
Pinging www.wikihow.com [173,203.142.5] with 32 bites of data (Ping www.wikihow.com [173,203.142.5] with 32 bits of data):
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Read the content of the obtained parameter. When successfully executed, the Ping command will return lines showing the response time of that address. The TTL represents the number of hops involved in the transmission of the data packet. The smaller this number, the more routers the packet is routed through. [2] X Research Source The time here is in milliseconds, indicating the time it took to establish a connection:
Reply from 173.203.142.5: bytes=32 time=102ms TTL=48 (Phản hồi từ 173.203.142.5: số byte=32 thời gian=102ms TTL=48
Reply from 173.203.142.5: bytes=32 time=105ms TTL=48 (Phản hồi từ 173.203.142.5: số byte=32 thời gian=105ms TTL=48)
Reply from 173.203.142.5: bytes=32 time=105ms TTL=48 (Phản hồi từ 173.203.142.5: số byte=32 thời gian=105ms TTL=48
Reply from 173.203.142.5: bytes=32 time=108ms TTL=48 (Phản hồi từ 173.203.142.5: số byte=32 thời gian=108ms TTL=48)
- You will probably have to press Ctrl + C to stop the ping command.
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Read the summary. When all is done, a summary of the results will be displayed. A lost packet means that the connection to that address is unreliable and data is lost in transit. The summary will also show the average connection time:
Ping statistics for (Số liệu thống kê Ping dành cho) 173.203.142.5:
Packets (Gói tin): Sent (Gửi đi) = 4, Received (Nhận về) = 4, Lost (Thất lạc) = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds (Thời gian một vòng ước tính bằng mili giây):
Minimum (Nhỏ nhất) = 102ms, Maximum (Lớn nhất) = 108ms, Average (Trung bình) = 105ms
Troubleshoot
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Check your input content. One of the most common error messages is:
Ping request could not find host www.wikihow.com. Please check the name and try again (Lệnh ping không tìm được máy chủ www.wikihow.com. Vui lòng kiểm tra và thử lại). Usually it means you mistyped the hostname.
- Try typing again, correcting any typos. If the problem is still not resolved, then try another common hostname, such as an online search engine or news site. If there is an error “Unknown server”, then most likely the problem lies with the domain name server.
- Use the server’s IP address instead of its name (such as 173.203.142.5) to ping. If successful, then either the address you used for the domain name server is wrong, or it can’t be reached or has crashed.
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Check your connection. One of the other error messages is:
sendto: No route to host (gửi đến: Không có tuyến đến máy chủ) . This means that the gateway address is incorrect or the connection from your machine is not working.
- Ping 127.0.0.1: that’s your computer. If that doesn’t work, your TCP/IP is not working properly and the network switch needs to be reconfigured. [3] X Research Sources
- Test your wireless connection or the connection from your computer to your router, especially if it worked before.
- Most computer network ports have an indicator light that indicates connection status and a light that blinks when data is being transferred. When the ping command transfers data at a rate of about 1 packet per second, the data light will probably blink.
- Check to see if the router has a proper (and non-faulty) indicator light, which indicates a good connection to the computer. If the error light is on, trace the cable from the computer to the router, make sure it’s connected properly, and call your cable or bandwidth provider if necessary.
Advice
- When should the ping command be used? Like all diagnostics, it’s best to use ping in an active configuration to understand how it works. You can ping your computer using “ping -c5 127.0.0.1”. During your first computer setup, when changing networks, or if you can’t surf the web, use ping to authenticate your device and configuration.
- Why should you use the ping command? Ping (named for echolocation used in submarines) uses the simplest type of packet. The response is done through the communication module port (TCP/IP) of the Operating System. It requires no applications, access to any files or requires any configuration. It has almost no effect on any other operations. What it needs is hardware, a portal, a router, a firewall, a domain name server, and an intermediary server. If the ping is done successfully and you are unable to access the target server with a browser or other application, chances are that the problem is not on your side.
- The ping command can be run with a number of different options. Including:
- -c Count. Send packets with predetermined number and stop. Another stop is to type [ctrl]-C. This option is convenient for a script that regularly checks the behavior of the network.
- -t Ping until stopped ([ctrl]-C).
- -w Timeout. The number of milliseconds to wait for a response before displaying a timeout message or lost packet. Longer timeouts are used to identify latency issues. ping -w 10000. Usually it’s only useful when operated over cellular, satellite or other high latency networks.
- -n Displays numerical results only. This option is used to avoid contacting a domain name server.
- -p Templates. The template is a sequence of hexadecimal digits appended to the end of the packet. This option is rarely useful in cases where there is doubt about a data dependency problem.
- -R Use the IP’s Routing Record to determine the route of the ping packet. The target server may not provide this information.
- -r Ignore the routing table. This option is used when a routing problem is suspected and the ping command cannot find a route to the target server. This option only works with servers that link directly without using any router.
- -s Packet size. Change the size of the packets. Check for very large packets that must be fragmented.
- -V Long results. Displays extra ICMP packets with extremely detailed information.
- -f Flood. Send packets as fast as possible. This option is used to test the performance of the network under high pressure and should be avoided.
- -l Reload. Send the reload packet as soon as possible, then switch to normal mode. This option is good for finding out how fast your router can handle and therefore good for identifying problems that only appear with large TCP window sizes.
- -? Support. This option is used to view the entire list of options and syntax usage in Ping.
X
wikiHow is a “wiki” site, which means that many of the articles here are written by multiple authors. To create this article, 50 people, some of whom are anonymous, have edited and improved the article over time.
This article has been viewed 59,277 times.
The Ping command allows you to test the connection speed between you and another network node. In this article, the wikiHow will show you how to use the Ping command on any operating system.
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